On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical Applications
The paper deals with a functional instability of electronic nose (e-nose) units which significantly limits their real-life applications. Here we demonstrate how to approach this issue with example of an e-nose based on a metal oxide sensor array developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Ge...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2018-02-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/550 |
| _version_ | 1798026885925437440 |
|---|---|
| author | Ilia Kiselev Victor Sysoev Igor Kaikov Ilona Koronczi Ruslan Adil Akai Tegin Jamila Smanalieva Martin Sommer Coskan Ilicali Michael Hauptmannl |
| author_facet | Ilia Kiselev Victor Sysoev Igor Kaikov Ilona Koronczi Ruslan Adil Akai Tegin Jamila Smanalieva Martin Sommer Coskan Ilicali Michael Hauptmannl |
| author_sort | Ilia Kiselev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The paper deals with a functional instability of electronic nose (e-nose) units which significantly limits their real-life applications. Here we demonstrate how to approach this issue with example of an e-nose based on a metal oxide sensor array developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany). We consider the instability of e-nose operation at different time scales ranging from minutes to many years. To test the e-nose we employ open-air and headspace sampling of analyte odors. The multivariate recognition algorithm to process the multisensor array signals is based on the linear discriminant analysis method. Accounting for the received results, we argue that the stability of device operation is mostly affected by accidental changes in the ambient air composition. To overcome instabilities, we introduce the add-training procedure which is found to successfully manage both the temporal changes of ambient and the drift of multisensor array properties, even long-term. The method can be easily implemented in practical applications of e-noses and improve prospects for device marketing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:42:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f598c581646c493da30f79ebe1c25136 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:42:29Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-f598c581646c493da30f79ebe1c251362022-12-22T04:08:57ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-02-0118255010.3390/s18020550s18020550On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical ApplicationsIlia Kiselev0Victor Sysoev1Igor Kaikov2Ilona Koronczi3Ruslan Adil Akai Tegin4Jamila Smanalieva5Martin Sommer6Coskan Ilicali7Michael Hauptmannl8Breitmeier Messtechnik GmbH, Englerstr. 27, 76275 Ettlingen, GermanyLaboratory of Sensors and Microsystems, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya str., 410054 Saratov, RussiaInstitute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyScience and Technology of Nanosystems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyFaculty of Engineering, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Mira Avenue 56, 720044 Bishkek, Kyrgyz RepublicFaculty of Engineering, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Mira Avenue 56, 720044 Bishkek, Kyrgyz RepublicInstitute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, GermanyFaculty of Engineering, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Mira Avenue 56, 720044 Bishkek, Kyrgyz RepublicBreitmeier Messtechnik GmbH, Englerstr. 27, 76275 Ettlingen, GermanyThe paper deals with a functional instability of electronic nose (e-nose) units which significantly limits their real-life applications. Here we demonstrate how to approach this issue with example of an e-nose based on a metal oxide sensor array developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany). We consider the instability of e-nose operation at different time scales ranging from minutes to many years. To test the e-nose we employ open-air and headspace sampling of analyte odors. The multivariate recognition algorithm to process the multisensor array signals is based on the linear discriminant analysis method. Accounting for the received results, we argue that the stability of device operation is mostly affected by accidental changes in the ambient air composition. To overcome instabilities, we introduce the add-training procedure which is found to successfully manage both the temporal changes of ambient and the drift of multisensor array properties, even long-term. The method can be easily implemented in practical applications of e-noses and improve prospects for device marketing.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/550electronic noseinstabilitylong-term stabilityambient airmeat quality controlhoney recognitionlinear discriminant analysis |
| spellingShingle | Ilia Kiselev Victor Sysoev Igor Kaikov Ilona Koronczi Ruslan Adil Akai Tegin Jamila Smanalieva Martin Sommer Coskan Ilicali Michael Hauptmannl On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical Applications Sensors electronic nose instability long-term stability ambient air meat quality control honey recognition linear discriminant analysis |
| title | On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical Applications |
| title_full | On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical Applications |
| title_fullStr | On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical Applications |
| title_short | On the Temporal Stability of Analyte Recognition with an E-Nose Based on a Metal Oxide Sensor Array in Practical Applications |
| title_sort | on the temporal stability of analyte recognition with an e nose based on a metal oxide sensor array in practical applications |
| topic | electronic nose instability long-term stability ambient air meat quality control honey recognition linear discriminant analysis |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/550 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT iliakiselev onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT victorsysoev onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT igorkaikov onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT ilonakoronczi onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT ruslanadilakaitegin onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT jamilasmanalieva onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT martinsommer onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT coskanilicali onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications AT michaelhauptmannl onthetemporalstabilityofanalyterecognitionwithanenosebasedonametaloxidesensorarrayinpracticalapplications |