Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression
We evaluated the effects of a treatment diet contaminated with 1.7 mg deoxynivalenol and 3.5 mg fumonisins (B1, B2 and B3) per kg ration on immune status and peripheral blood gene expression profiles in finishing-stage Angus steers. The mycotoxin treatment diet was fed for a period of 21 days follow...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/10/714 |
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| author | Heaven L. Roberts Massimo Bionaz Duo Jiang Barbara Doupovec Johannes Faas Charles T. Estill Dian Schatzmayr Jennifer M. Duringer |
| author_facet | Heaven L. Roberts Massimo Bionaz Duo Jiang Barbara Doupovec Johannes Faas Charles T. Estill Dian Schatzmayr Jennifer M. Duringer |
| author_sort | Heaven L. Roberts |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We evaluated the effects of a treatment diet contaminated with 1.7 mg deoxynivalenol and 3.5 mg fumonisins (B1, B2 and B3) per kg ration on immune status and peripheral blood gene expression profiles in finishing-stage Angus steers. The mycotoxin treatment diet was fed for a period of 21 days followed by a two-week washout period during which time all animals consumed the control diet. Whole-blood leukocyte differentials were performed weekly throughout the experimental and washout period. Comparative profiles of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, along with bactericidal capacity of circulating neutrophils and monocytes were evaluated at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 35 days. Peripheral blood gene expression was measured at 0, 7, 21 and 35 days via RNA sequencing. Significant increases in the percentage of CD4<sup>−</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were observed in treatment-fed steers after two weeks of treatment and were associated with decreased CD4:CD8 T-cell ratios at this same timepoint (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.10). No significant differences were observed as an effect of treatment in terms of bactericidal capacity at any timepoint. Dietary treatments induced major changes in transcripts associated with endocrine, metabolic and infectious diseases; protein digestion and absorption; and environmental information processing (inhibition of signaling and processing), as evaluated by dynamic impact analysis. DAVID analysis also suggested treatment effects on oxygen transport, extra-cellular signaling, cell membrane structure and immune system function. These results indicate that finishing-stage beef cattle are susceptible to the immunotoxic and transcript-inhibitory effects of deoxynivalenol and fumonisins at levels which may be realistically encountered in feedlot situations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:10:58Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:10:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-f59d6d4e20cb4bafa6f0d3565824936e2023-11-22T20:13:20ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512021-10-01131071410.3390/toxins13100714Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene ExpressionHeaven L. Roberts0Massimo Bionaz1Duo Jiang2Barbara Doupovec3Johannes Faas4Charles T. Estill5Dian Schatzmayr6Jennifer M. Duringer7Department of Animal & Rangeland Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USADepartment of Animal & Rangeland Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USADepartment of Statistics, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USABIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, AustriaBIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, AustriaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USABIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, AustriaDepartment of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USAWe evaluated the effects of a treatment diet contaminated with 1.7 mg deoxynivalenol and 3.5 mg fumonisins (B1, B2 and B3) per kg ration on immune status and peripheral blood gene expression profiles in finishing-stage Angus steers. The mycotoxin treatment diet was fed for a period of 21 days followed by a two-week washout period during which time all animals consumed the control diet. Whole-blood leukocyte differentials were performed weekly throughout the experimental and washout period. Comparative profiles of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, along with bactericidal capacity of circulating neutrophils and monocytes were evaluated at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 35 days. Peripheral blood gene expression was measured at 0, 7, 21 and 35 days via RNA sequencing. Significant increases in the percentage of CD4<sup>−</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were observed in treatment-fed steers after two weeks of treatment and were associated with decreased CD4:CD8 T-cell ratios at this same timepoint (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.10). No significant differences were observed as an effect of treatment in terms of bactericidal capacity at any timepoint. Dietary treatments induced major changes in transcripts associated with endocrine, metabolic and infectious diseases; protein digestion and absorption; and environmental information processing (inhibition of signaling and processing), as evaluated by dynamic impact analysis. DAVID analysis also suggested treatment effects on oxygen transport, extra-cellular signaling, cell membrane structure and immune system function. These results indicate that finishing-stage beef cattle are susceptible to the immunotoxic and transcript-inhibitory effects of deoxynivalenol and fumonisins at levels which may be realistically encountered in feedlot situations.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/10/714<i>Fusarium</i>beef cattleimmune functionRNA-Seqdeoxynivalenolfumonisin |
| spellingShingle | Heaven L. Roberts Massimo Bionaz Duo Jiang Barbara Doupovec Johannes Faas Charles T. Estill Dian Schatzmayr Jennifer M. Duringer Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression Toxins <i>Fusarium</i> beef cattle immune function RNA-Seq deoxynivalenol fumonisin |
| title | Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression |
| title_full | Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression |
| title_short | Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisins Fed in Combination to Beef Cattle: Immunotoxicity and Gene Expression |
| title_sort | effects of deoxynivalenol and fumonisins fed in combination to beef cattle immunotoxicity and gene expression |
| topic | <i>Fusarium</i> beef cattle immune function RNA-Seq deoxynivalenol fumonisin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/10/714 |
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