Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications
Liver transplantation is currently the only curative therapy for patients with acute or chronic liver failure. However, a dramatic gap between the number of available liver grafts and the number of patients on the transplantation waiting list emphasizes the need for valid liver substitutes. Whole-or...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/2/301 |
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| author | Burak Toprakhisar Catherine M. Verfaillie Manoj Kumar |
| author_facet | Burak Toprakhisar Catherine M. Verfaillie Manoj Kumar |
| author_sort | Burak Toprakhisar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liver transplantation is currently the only curative therapy for patients with acute or chronic liver failure. However, a dramatic gap between the number of available liver grafts and the number of patients on the transplantation waiting list emphasizes the need for valid liver substitutes. Whole-organ engineering is an emerging field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It aims to generate transplantable and functional organs to support patients on transplantation waiting lists until a graft becomes available. It comprises two base technologies developed in the last decade; (1) organ decellularization to generate a three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix scaffold of an organ, and (2) scaffold recellularization to repopulate both the parenchymal and vascular compartments of a decellularized organ. In this review article, recent advancements in both technologies, in relation to liver whole-organ engineering, are presented. We address the potential sources of hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells for repopulation studies, and the role of stem-cell-derived liver progeny is discussed. In addition, different cell seeding strategies, possible graft modifications, and methods used to evaluate the functionality of recellularized liver grafts are outlined. Based on the knowledge gathered from recent transplantation studies, future directions are summarized. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:13:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f5a230d7a2154c35b38c1f53a98cdc90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:13:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-f5a230d7a2154c35b38c1f53a98cdc902023-11-30T21:40:32ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-01-0112230110.3390/cells12020301Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical ApplicationsBurak Toprakhisar0Catherine M. Verfaillie1Manoj Kumar2Stem Cell Institute, Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumStem Cell Institute, Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumStem Cell Institute, Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumLiver transplantation is currently the only curative therapy for patients with acute or chronic liver failure. However, a dramatic gap between the number of available liver grafts and the number of patients on the transplantation waiting list emphasizes the need for valid liver substitutes. Whole-organ engineering is an emerging field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It aims to generate transplantable and functional organs to support patients on transplantation waiting lists until a graft becomes available. It comprises two base technologies developed in the last decade; (1) organ decellularization to generate a three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix scaffold of an organ, and (2) scaffold recellularization to repopulate both the parenchymal and vascular compartments of a decellularized organ. In this review article, recent advancements in both technologies, in relation to liver whole-organ engineering, are presented. We address the potential sources of hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells for repopulation studies, and the role of stem-cell-derived liver progeny is discussed. In addition, different cell seeding strategies, possible graft modifications, and methods used to evaluate the functionality of recellularized liver grafts are outlined. Based on the knowledge gathered from recent transplantation studies, future directions are summarized.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/2/301regenerative medicineliver tissue engineeringorgan engineeringliver nichestem cellshepatocytes |
| spellingShingle | Burak Toprakhisar Catherine M. Verfaillie Manoj Kumar Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications Cells regenerative medicine liver tissue engineering organ engineering liver niche stem cells hepatocytes |
| title | Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications |
| title_full | Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications |
| title_short | Advances in Recellularization of Decellularized Liver Grafts with Different Liver (Stem) Cells: Towards Clinical Applications |
| title_sort | advances in recellularization of decellularized liver grafts with different liver stem cells towards clinical applications |
| topic | regenerative medicine liver tissue engineering organ engineering liver niche stem cells hepatocytes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/2/301 |
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