A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac Communication
Conductive intracardiac communication (CIC) has become one of the most promising technologies in multisite leadless pacemakers for cardiac resynchronization therapy. Existing studies have shown that cardiac pulsation has a significant impact on the attenuation of intracardiac communication channels....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4455 |
| _version_ | 1797482507810111488 |
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| author | Yiming Liu Yueming Gao Liting Chen Tao Liu Jiejie Yang Siohang Pun Mangi Vai Min Du |
| author_facet | Yiming Liu Yueming Gao Liting Chen Tao Liu Jiejie Yang Siohang Pun Mangi Vai Min Du |
| author_sort | Yiming Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conductive intracardiac communication (CIC) has become one of the most promising technologies in multisite leadless pacemakers for cardiac resynchronization therapy. Existing studies have shown that cardiac pulsation has a significant impact on the attenuation of intracardiac communication channels. In this study, a novel variable-volume circuit-coupled electrical field heart model, which contains blood and myocardium, is proposed to verify the phenomenon. The influence of measurements was combined with the model as the equivalent circuit. Dynamic intracardiac channel characteristics were obtained by simulating models with varying volumes of the four chambers according to the actual cardiac cycle. Subsequently, in vitro experiments were carried out to verify the model’s correctness. Among the dependences of intracardiac communication channels, the distance between pacemakers exerted the most substantial influence on attenuation. In the simulation and measurement, the relationship between channel attenuation and pulsation was found through the variable-volume heart model and a porcine heart. The CIC channel attenuation had a variation of less than 3 dB. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f5abbf3f9e0f4d59a989e50d90c003e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-f5abbf3f9e0f4d59a989e50d90c003e12023-11-23T18:53:43ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-06-012212445510.3390/s22124455A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac CommunicationYiming Liu0Yueming Gao1Liting Chen2Tao Liu3Jiejie Yang4Siohang Pun5Mangi Vai6Min Du7College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSL, University of Macau, Macao, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSL, University of Macau, Macao, ChinaCollege of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaConductive intracardiac communication (CIC) has become one of the most promising technologies in multisite leadless pacemakers for cardiac resynchronization therapy. Existing studies have shown that cardiac pulsation has a significant impact on the attenuation of intracardiac communication channels. In this study, a novel variable-volume circuit-coupled electrical field heart model, which contains blood and myocardium, is proposed to verify the phenomenon. The influence of measurements was combined with the model as the equivalent circuit. Dynamic intracardiac channel characteristics were obtained by simulating models with varying volumes of the four chambers according to the actual cardiac cycle. Subsequently, in vitro experiments were carried out to verify the model’s correctness. Among the dependences of intracardiac communication channels, the distance between pacemakers exerted the most substantial influence on attenuation. In the simulation and measurement, the relationship between channel attenuation and pulsation was found through the variable-volume heart model and a porcine heart. The CIC channel attenuation had a variation of less than 3 dB.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4455leadless pacemakerconductive intracardiac communicationgalvanic couplingequivalent heart modelvolume of chambercircuit-coupled electrical field model |
| spellingShingle | Yiming Liu Yueming Gao Liting Chen Tao Liu Jiejie Yang Siohang Pun Mangi Vai Min Du A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac Communication Sensors leadless pacemaker conductive intracardiac communication galvanic coupling equivalent heart model volume of chamber circuit-coupled electrical field model |
| title | A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac Communication |
| title_full | A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac Communication |
| title_fullStr | A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac Communication |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac Communication |
| title_short | A Variable-Volume Heart Model for Galvanic Coupling-Based Conductive Intracardiac Communication |
| title_sort | variable volume heart model for galvanic coupling based conductive intracardiac communication |
| topic | leadless pacemaker conductive intracardiac communication galvanic coupling equivalent heart model volume of chamber circuit-coupled electrical field model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/12/4455 |
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