Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Diarrhea is one of the important public health problems in developing countries. Salmonella and Shigella species are the major bacterial causal agents of diarrhea. The increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance is posing difficulty in the treatment of these pathogens. This study aimed to assess t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hindawi Limited
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6104416 |
| _version_ | 1797653724610428928 |
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| author | Tiruneh Ararsa Deneke Wolde Haile Alemayehu Ketema Bizuwork Tadesse Eguale |
| author_facet | Tiruneh Ararsa Deneke Wolde Haile Alemayehu Ketema Bizuwork Tadesse Eguale |
| author_sort | Tiruneh Ararsa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diarrhea is one of the important public health problems in developing countries. Salmonella and Shigella species are the major bacterial causal agents of diarrhea. The increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance is posing difficulty in the treatment of these pathogens. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of Salmonella and Shigella in the feces of diarrheic patients receiving health services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility profile. A cross-sectional study involving 13 health centers was conducted where 428 diarrheic patients were recruited. Standard microbiology techniques were used to isolate Salmonella and Shigella from stool samples. In addition, Salmonella isolates were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to assess susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials for each of the Salmonella and Shigella isolates. The prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella spp. among diarrheic patients was 8.4%; n = 36 and 5.6%; n = 24, respectively. Thirty (83.3%) of Salmonella isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, whereas 4 (10.8%) of isolates were resistant to 2 or more antimicrobials and 2 (5.6%) were multidrug resistant. Resistance to ampicillin was recorded in only one (2.7%) of Salmonella isolates; however, resistance to ampicillin was recorded in 12 (50%) of the Shigella isolates. Half of the Shigella isolates (n = 12) were resistant to 2 or more antimicrobials while 5 (20.8%) of them were resistant to 3 or more antimicrobials. The overall rate of resistance to antimicrobials was more common in Shigella compared to Salmonella isolates. In conclusion, Salmonella and Shigella were isolated from the feces of diarrheic patients, with a higher rate of antimicrobial resistance in Shigella isolates, which could make the treatment of shigellosis challenging. Therefore, increasing hygienic practices during food preparation to reduce the burden of Salmonella and Shigella infection and prudent use of antimicrobials are recommended to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistant strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:48:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f5ebe84267e04ef3901ceec4270a05d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1918-1493 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:48:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Hindawi Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f5ebe84267e04ef3901ceec4270a05d62023-10-22T00:00:00ZengHindawi LimitedCanadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology1918-14932023-01-01202310.1155/2023/6104416Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, EthiopiaTiruneh Ararsa0Deneke Wolde1Haile Alemayehu2Ketema Bizuwork3Tadesse Eguale4Tikur Anbesssa Specialized HospitalAklilu Lemma Institute of PathobiologyAklilu Lemma Institute of PathobiologyTikur Anbesssa Specialized HospitalAklilu Lemma Institute of PathobiologyDiarrhea is one of the important public health problems in developing countries. Salmonella and Shigella species are the major bacterial causal agents of diarrhea. The increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance is posing difficulty in the treatment of these pathogens. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of Salmonella and Shigella in the feces of diarrheic patients receiving health services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility profile. A cross-sectional study involving 13 health centers was conducted where 428 diarrheic patients were recruited. Standard microbiology techniques were used to isolate Salmonella and Shigella from stool samples. In addition, Salmonella isolates were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to assess susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials for each of the Salmonella and Shigella isolates. The prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella spp. among diarrheic patients was 8.4%; n = 36 and 5.6%; n = 24, respectively. Thirty (83.3%) of Salmonella isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, whereas 4 (10.8%) of isolates were resistant to 2 or more antimicrobials and 2 (5.6%) were multidrug resistant. Resistance to ampicillin was recorded in only one (2.7%) of Salmonella isolates; however, resistance to ampicillin was recorded in 12 (50%) of the Shigella isolates. Half of the Shigella isolates (n = 12) were resistant to 2 or more antimicrobials while 5 (20.8%) of them were resistant to 3 or more antimicrobials. The overall rate of resistance to antimicrobials was more common in Shigella compared to Salmonella isolates. In conclusion, Salmonella and Shigella were isolated from the feces of diarrheic patients, with a higher rate of antimicrobial resistance in Shigella isolates, which could make the treatment of shigellosis challenging. Therefore, increasing hygienic practices during food preparation to reduce the burden of Salmonella and Shigella infection and prudent use of antimicrobials are recommended to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistant strains.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6104416 |
| spellingShingle | Tiruneh Ararsa Deneke Wolde Haile Alemayehu Ketema Bizuwork Tadesse Eguale Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology |
| title | Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella and Shigella among Diarrheic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of salmonella and shigella among diarrheic patients attending selected health facilities in addis ababa ethiopia |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6104416 |
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