Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials
The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance worldwide has led to an increasing concern in the human, veterinary, and environmental fields, highlighting the need for strategies to effectively control bacterial contamination. Correct biosecurity practices, including the appropriate use of disinfect...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2780 |
| _version_ | 1797476028362260480 |
|---|---|
| author | Clara Montagnin Shaun Cawthraw Isaac Ring Fabio Ostanello Richard P. Smith Rob Davies Francesca Martelli |
| author_facet | Clara Montagnin Shaun Cawthraw Isaac Ring Fabio Ostanello Richard P. Smith Rob Davies Francesca Martelli |
| author_sort | Clara Montagnin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance worldwide has led to an increasing concern in the human, veterinary, and environmental fields, highlighting the need for strategies to effectively control bacterial contamination. Correct biosecurity practices, including the appropriate use of disinfectants, play a crucial role in controlling bacterial contamination. This study aimed to verify whether the recommended concentrations defined according to the Defra General Orders concentration (GO, published by the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs’ disinfectant-approval scheme) of five commercial disinfectant preparations (peroxygen-based, phenol-based, two halogen-releasing agents, and glutaraldehyde/quaternary ammonium compound-based; disinfectants A to E, respectively) were sufficient to inhibit growth and inactivate selected bacterial strains, including some that carry known phenotypic patterns of multidrug resistance. The effectiveness of each disinfectant was expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, determined by the broth-microdilution method. The results indicate that the type of disinfectant and its concentration influence the inhibitory and bactericidal efficacy. The glutaraldehyde/quaternary ammonium compound-based (disinfectant D) and chlorocresol-based products (disinfectant B) were the most effective, and the GO concentration was bactericidal in all the strains tested. The efficacy of the other compounds varied, depending on the bacterial species tested. The GO concentrations were at least able to inhibit the bacterial growth in all the products and bacterial strains tested. A greater tolerance to the compounds was observed in the strains of <i>E. coli</i> with multidrug-resistance profiles compared to the strains that were sensitive to the same antimicrobials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:52:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f5f6dc74f3c64c129d7d4520dc09e4ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:52:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-f5f6dc74f3c64c129d7d4520dc09e4ca2023-11-23T22:31:45ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-10-011220278010.3390/ani12202780Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected AntimicrobialsClara Montagnin0Shaun Cawthraw1Isaac Ring2Fabio Ostanello3Richard P. Smith4Rob Davies5Francesca Martelli6Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Via Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, ItalyAnimal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UKAnimal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UKDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, ItalyAnimal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UKAnimal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UKAnimal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UKThe growing threat of antimicrobial resistance worldwide has led to an increasing concern in the human, veterinary, and environmental fields, highlighting the need for strategies to effectively control bacterial contamination. Correct biosecurity practices, including the appropriate use of disinfectants, play a crucial role in controlling bacterial contamination. This study aimed to verify whether the recommended concentrations defined according to the Defra General Orders concentration (GO, published by the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs’ disinfectant-approval scheme) of five commercial disinfectant preparations (peroxygen-based, phenol-based, two halogen-releasing agents, and glutaraldehyde/quaternary ammonium compound-based; disinfectants A to E, respectively) were sufficient to inhibit growth and inactivate selected bacterial strains, including some that carry known phenotypic patterns of multidrug resistance. The effectiveness of each disinfectant was expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, determined by the broth-microdilution method. The results indicate that the type of disinfectant and its concentration influence the inhibitory and bactericidal efficacy. The glutaraldehyde/quaternary ammonium compound-based (disinfectant D) and chlorocresol-based products (disinfectant B) were the most effective, and the GO concentration was bactericidal in all the strains tested. The efficacy of the other compounds varied, depending on the bacterial species tested. The GO concentrations were at least able to inhibit the bacterial growth in all the products and bacterial strains tested. A greater tolerance to the compounds was observed in the strains of <i>E. coli</i> with multidrug-resistance profiles compared to the strains that were sensitive to the same antimicrobials.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2780disinfectantbiocideantimicrobial resistanceAMRMDRminimum inhibitory concentration |
| spellingShingle | Clara Montagnin Shaun Cawthraw Isaac Ring Fabio Ostanello Richard P. Smith Rob Davies Francesca Martelli Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials Animals disinfectant biocide antimicrobial resistance AMR MDR minimum inhibitory concentration |
| title | Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials |
| title_full | Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials |
| title_short | Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials |
| title_sort | efficacy of five disinfectant products commonly used in pig herds against a panel of bacteria sensitive and resistant to selected antimicrobials |
| topic | disinfectant biocide antimicrobial resistance AMR MDR minimum inhibitory concentration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2780 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT claramontagnin efficacyoffivedisinfectantproductscommonlyusedinpigherdsagainstapanelofbacteriasensitiveandresistanttoselectedantimicrobials AT shauncawthraw efficacyoffivedisinfectantproductscommonlyusedinpigherdsagainstapanelofbacteriasensitiveandresistanttoselectedantimicrobials AT isaacring efficacyoffivedisinfectantproductscommonlyusedinpigherdsagainstapanelofbacteriasensitiveandresistanttoselectedantimicrobials AT fabioostanello efficacyoffivedisinfectantproductscommonlyusedinpigherdsagainstapanelofbacteriasensitiveandresistanttoselectedantimicrobials AT richardpsmith efficacyoffivedisinfectantproductscommonlyusedinpigherdsagainstapanelofbacteriasensitiveandresistanttoselectedantimicrobials AT robdavies efficacyoffivedisinfectantproductscommonlyusedinpigherdsagainstapanelofbacteriasensitiveandresistanttoselectedantimicrobials AT francescamartelli efficacyoffivedisinfectantproductscommonlyusedinpigherdsagainstapanelofbacteriasensitiveandresistanttoselectedantimicrobials |