Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes
Fertilization is an effective agronomic strategy to improve the efficiency of phytoextraction by Salix integra Thunb. However, the specific effects of the simultaneous application of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilizers in the rhizosphere remain unclear. We investigated the bioavailability of lea...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.945847/full |
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| author | Shaokun Wang Xiaoyun Niu Dongliu Di Dazhuang Huang Dazhuang Huang |
| author_facet | Shaokun Wang Xiaoyun Niu Dongliu Di Dazhuang Huang Dazhuang Huang |
| author_sort | Shaokun Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fertilization is an effective agronomic strategy to improve the efficiency of phytoextraction by Salix integra Thunb. However, the specific effects of the simultaneous application of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilizers in the rhizosphere remain unclear. We investigated the bioavailability of lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) along with the microbial metabolic functions and community structure in the rhizosphere soil of S. integra after the application of N (0, 100, and 200 kg·ha−1·year−1) and S (0, 100, and 200 kg·ha−1·year−1) fertilizers for 180 days. The simultaneous application of N and S fertilizers significantly enhanced the absorption of Pb and Cd by S. integra, whereas this effect was not observed for the single application of N or S fertilizer. The contents of acid-soluble Pb and Cd in the rhizosphere soil significantly increased after either single or combined fertilize applications. The microbial metabolic activity was enhanced by the N and S fertilizers, whereas the microbial diversity markedly decreased. The metabolic patterns were mainly affected by the concentration of N fertilizer. The dominant fungi and bacteria were similar under each treatment, although the relative abundances of the dominant and special species differed. Compared to the N200S100 and N200S200 treatments, the N100S100 and N100S200 treatments resulted in fewer pathogenic fungi and more rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, which promoted phytoremediation by S. integra. Redundancy analysis indicated that the pH and nitrate content were the key factors affecting the structure of the microbial community. Collectively, the results suggest interactive effects between N and S fertilizers on the rhizosphere soil, providing a potential strategy for plant-microbial remediation by S. integra. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:17:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f5fd6935d3a244e8b9ad14d0306be6f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:17:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f5fd6935d3a244e8b9ad14d0306be6f82022-12-22T01:31:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-08-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.945847945847Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbesShaokun Wang0Xiaoyun Niu1Dongliu Di2Dazhuang Huang3Dazhuang Huang4College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, Baoding, ChinaFertilization is an effective agronomic strategy to improve the efficiency of phytoextraction by Salix integra Thunb. However, the specific effects of the simultaneous application of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilizers in the rhizosphere remain unclear. We investigated the bioavailability of lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) along with the microbial metabolic functions and community structure in the rhizosphere soil of S. integra after the application of N (0, 100, and 200 kg·ha−1·year−1) and S (0, 100, and 200 kg·ha−1·year−1) fertilizers for 180 days. The simultaneous application of N and S fertilizers significantly enhanced the absorption of Pb and Cd by S. integra, whereas this effect was not observed for the single application of N or S fertilizer. The contents of acid-soluble Pb and Cd in the rhizosphere soil significantly increased after either single or combined fertilize applications. The microbial metabolic activity was enhanced by the N and S fertilizers, whereas the microbial diversity markedly decreased. The metabolic patterns were mainly affected by the concentration of N fertilizer. The dominant fungi and bacteria were similar under each treatment, although the relative abundances of the dominant and special species differed. Compared to the N200S100 and N200S200 treatments, the N100S100 and N100S200 treatments resulted in fewer pathogenic fungi and more rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, which promoted phytoremediation by S. integra. Redundancy analysis indicated that the pH and nitrate content were the key factors affecting the structure of the microbial community. Collectively, the results suggest interactive effects between N and S fertilizers on the rhizosphere soil, providing a potential strategy for plant-microbial remediation by S. integra.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.945847/fullphytoremediationfertilizationrhizospheremicrobial metabolic activitymicrobial community structure |
| spellingShingle | Shaokun Wang Xiaoyun Niu Dongliu Di Dazhuang Huang Dazhuang Huang Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes Frontiers in Microbiology phytoremediation fertilization rhizosphere microbial metabolic activity microbial community structure |
| title | Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes |
| title_full | Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes |
| title_fullStr | Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes |
| title_short | Nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with Salix integra Thunb. by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes |
| title_sort | nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers promote the absorption of lead and cadmium with salix integra thunb by increasing the bioavailability of heavy metals and regulating rhizosphere microbes |
| topic | phytoremediation fertilization rhizosphere microbial metabolic activity microbial community structure |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.945847/full |
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