Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological Monitoring
Chromium (VI) compounds are used in various industries like metal coatings, protective paints, dyes and pigments for their properties especially anti-corrosive ones. Exposure to Cr (VI) may induce cancer, and cause irritation or damage to the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. In addition, it may le...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2017-08-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Occupational Hygiene |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/290 |
| _version_ | 1818880430298890240 |
|---|---|
| author | MONIREH KHADEM FARIDEH GOLBABAEI ABDOLRASOUL RAHMANI |
| author_facet | MONIREH KHADEM FARIDEH GOLBABAEI ABDOLRASOUL RAHMANI |
| author_sort | MONIREH KHADEM |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chromium (VI) compounds are used in various industries like metal coatings, protective paints, dyes and pigments for their properties especially anti-corrosive ones. Exposure to Cr (VI) may induce cancer, and cause irritation or damage to the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. In addition, it may lead to mutagenic, genotoxic, and reproductive effects on humans. Workers are often exposed to airborne Cr (VI) via the inhalation of dust, fume or mist. There are various procedures for Cr (VI) exposure assessment as part of risk characterization and implementing a monitoring program. Analysis of chromium in environmental or biological samples must be considered. Air sampling and chromium analysis by different instruments and techniques, biological monitoring by different procedures to detect biomarkers, investigation of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity mechanism, medical examinations, and occupational exposure limits in workplace air and biological matrices are the important factors to be considered in the risk assessment strategy of Cr (VI). The purpose of this article was to review the literature and provide useful information about different methods for environmental and biological monitoring of chromium (VI) in order to assess quantitatively the risk of exposure to this compound. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T14:45:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6060614440d457f99ecbd2fd2cdd89a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2008-5109 2008-5435 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T14:45:50Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Occupational Hygiene |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6060614440d457f99ecbd2fd2cdd89a2022-12-21T20:16:57ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Occupational Hygiene2008-51092008-54352017-08-0193Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological MonitoringMONIREH KHADEM0FARIDEH GOLBABAEI1ABDOLRASOUL RAHMANI2Professor assistant, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranProfessor, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Fars, IranChromium (VI) compounds are used in various industries like metal coatings, protective paints, dyes and pigments for their properties especially anti-corrosive ones. Exposure to Cr (VI) may induce cancer, and cause irritation or damage to the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. In addition, it may lead to mutagenic, genotoxic, and reproductive effects on humans. Workers are often exposed to airborne Cr (VI) via the inhalation of dust, fume or mist. There are various procedures for Cr (VI) exposure assessment as part of risk characterization and implementing a monitoring program. Analysis of chromium in environmental or biological samples must be considered. Air sampling and chromium analysis by different instruments and techniques, biological monitoring by different procedures to detect biomarkers, investigation of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity mechanism, medical examinations, and occupational exposure limits in workplace air and biological matrices are the important factors to be considered in the risk assessment strategy of Cr (VI). The purpose of this article was to review the literature and provide useful information about different methods for environmental and biological monitoring of chromium (VI) in order to assess quantitatively the risk of exposure to this compound.https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/290chromium (VI)Exposure AssessmentSampling and AnalysisBiological Monitoring |
| spellingShingle | MONIREH KHADEM FARIDEH GOLBABAEI ABDOLRASOUL RAHMANI Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological Monitoring International Journal of Occupational Hygiene chromium (VI) Exposure Assessment Sampling and Analysis Biological Monitoring |
| title | Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological Monitoring |
| title_full | Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological Monitoring |
| title_fullStr | Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological Monitoring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological Monitoring |
| title_short | Occupational Exposure Assessment of Chromium (VI): A Review of Environmental and Biological Monitoring |
| title_sort | occupational exposure assessment of chromium vi a review of environmental and biological monitoring |
| topic | chromium (VI) Exposure Assessment Sampling and Analysis Biological Monitoring |
| url | https://ijoh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijoh/article/view/290 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT monirehkhadem occupationalexposureassessmentofchromiumviareviewofenvironmentalandbiologicalmonitoring AT faridehgolbabaei occupationalexposureassessmentofchromiumviareviewofenvironmentalandbiologicalmonitoring AT abdolrasoulrahmani occupationalexposureassessmentofchromiumviareviewofenvironmentalandbiologicalmonitoring |