Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport
A systematic study of the movement of PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and their derivatives through air, soil, and water is key to understanding the exchange and transport mechanisms of these pollutants in the environment and for ultimately improving environmental quality. PAHs and their der...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323009983 |
| _version_ | 1827794211483680768 |
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| author | Anan Qi Pengcheng Wang Jianhua Lv Tong Zhao Qi Huang Yiming Wang Xiongfei Zhang Miao Wang Yang Xiao Lingxiao Yang Yaqin Ji Wenxing Wang |
| author_facet | Anan Qi Pengcheng Wang Jianhua Lv Tong Zhao Qi Huang Yiming Wang Xiongfei Zhang Miao Wang Yang Xiao Lingxiao Yang Yaqin Ji Wenxing Wang |
| author_sort | Anan Qi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A systematic study of the movement of PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and their derivatives through air, soil, and water is key to understanding the exchange and transport mechanisms of these pollutants in the environment and for ultimately improving environmental quality. PAHs and their derivatives, such as nitrated PAHs (NPAHs), oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), brominated PAHs (BrPAHs) and chlorinated PAHs (ClPAHs), were analyzed in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water samples collected from urban, rural, field, and background sites on the eastern coast of China. The goal was to investigate and discuss their spatiotemporal variations, exchange fluxes, and transport potential. The concentrations of PAHs and their derivatives in the air and bulk deposition displayed distinct seasonal patterns, with higher concentrations observed during the winter and spring and lower concentrations during the summer and autumn. NPAHs exhibited the opposite trend. Significant urban-rural gradients were observed for most of the PAHs and their derivatives. According to the air-soil fugacity calculations, 2–3 ring PAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs were found to volatilize from the soil into the air, while 4–7 ring PAHs, OPAHs, and NPAHs deposited from the air into the soil. The air-water fugacity of the PAHs and their derivatives indicated that surface water was an important source for the ambient atmosphere in Qingdao. The characteristic travel distances (CTDs) and persistence (Pov) for atmospheric transport were much lower than that for the water samples, which may be due to the longer half-lives of PAHs and their derivatives in water. NPAHs and ClPAHs with long transport distances and strong persistence in water could lead to a significant impact on marine pollution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:29:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f610b5315a0c4187a0f1eb3d07bb08d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:29:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-f610b5315a0c4187a0f1eb3d07bb08d82023-10-13T13:51:53ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132023-10-01265115494Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transportAnan Qi0Pengcheng Wang1Jianhua Lv2Tong Zhao3Qi Huang4Yiming Wang5Xiongfei Zhang6Miao Wang7Yang Xiao8Lingxiao Yang9Yaqin Ji10Wenxing Wang11Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaQingdao Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Qingdao 266003, ChinaEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Qingdao Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Qingdao 266003, ChinaEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Corresponding author at: Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Corresponding author.Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, ChinaA systematic study of the movement of PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and their derivatives through air, soil, and water is key to understanding the exchange and transport mechanisms of these pollutants in the environment and for ultimately improving environmental quality. PAHs and their derivatives, such as nitrated PAHs (NPAHs), oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), brominated PAHs (BrPAHs) and chlorinated PAHs (ClPAHs), were analyzed in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water samples collected from urban, rural, field, and background sites on the eastern coast of China. The goal was to investigate and discuss their spatiotemporal variations, exchange fluxes, and transport potential. The concentrations of PAHs and their derivatives in the air and bulk deposition displayed distinct seasonal patterns, with higher concentrations observed during the winter and spring and lower concentrations during the summer and autumn. NPAHs exhibited the opposite trend. Significant urban-rural gradients were observed for most of the PAHs and their derivatives. According to the air-soil fugacity calculations, 2–3 ring PAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs were found to volatilize from the soil into the air, while 4–7 ring PAHs, OPAHs, and NPAHs deposited from the air into the soil. The air-water fugacity of the PAHs and their derivatives indicated that surface water was an important source for the ambient atmosphere in Qingdao. The characteristic travel distances (CTDs) and persistence (Pov) for atmospheric transport were much lower than that for the water samples, which may be due to the longer half-lives of PAHs and their derivatives in water. NPAHs and ClPAHs with long transport distances and strong persistence in water could lead to a significant impact on marine pollution.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323009983PAHs, NPAHs and OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHsMulti-media environmentsUrban-rural gradientsExchangeTransport |
| spellingShingle | Anan Qi Pengcheng Wang Jianhua Lv Tong Zhao Qi Huang Yiming Wang Xiongfei Zhang Miao Wang Yang Xiao Lingxiao Yang Yaqin Ji Wenxing Wang Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety PAHs, NPAHs and OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs Multi-media environments Urban-rural gradients Exchange Transport |
| title | Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport |
| title_full | Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport |
| title_fullStr | Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport |
| title_short | Distributions of PAHs, NPAHs, OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs in air, bulk deposition, soil, and water in the Shandong Peninsula, China: Urban-rural gradient, interface exchange, and long-range transport |
| title_sort | distributions of pahs npahs opahs brpahs and clpahs in air bulk deposition soil and water in the shandong peninsula china urban rural gradient interface exchange and long range transport |
| topic | PAHs, NPAHs and OPAHs, BrPAHs, and ClPAHs Multi-media environments Urban-rural gradients Exchange Transport |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323009983 |
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