Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)
In many Indian regions, increased wastewater is both a threat to public health and the environment, but it also presents an opportunity as a source of water and nutrients. With less than one-third of India’s wastewater treated and an alarming water scarcity situation, efficient wastewater treatment...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Recycling |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/8/5/75 |
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| author | Mirko Hänel Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar Emil Jespersen Aryan Upadhyay Andrés Acosta Nadeem Khalil Hans Brix Carlos A. Arias |
| author_facet | Mirko Hänel Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar Emil Jespersen Aryan Upadhyay Andrés Acosta Nadeem Khalil Hans Brix Carlos A. Arias |
| author_sort | Mirko Hänel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In many Indian regions, increased wastewater is both a threat to public health and the environment, but it also presents an opportunity as a source of water and nutrients. With less than one-third of India’s wastewater treated and an alarming water scarcity situation, efficient wastewater treatment and reuse schemes are needed to face impending water and fertiliser shortages. This study explores the application potential of wastewater fertigated Short Rotation Coppice systems (wfSRC) as a cost-efficient and promising solution for treating and reusing wastewater in a specific region (400 km<sup>2</sup>, 184 settlements) of Aligarh (UP), India. Based on real data from a local wfSRC pilot site using bamboo, willow, and poplar, we analysed the system’s treatment performance, nutrient recovery, carbon sequestration potential, land requirements, biomass production potential, and cost–benefit, under various scenarios. The results show that the pilot wfSRC system is efficiently treating 250 m<sup>3</sup>/day of domestic wastewater on 6864 m<sup>2</sup> of land, and serving 2500 people. The land requirements for wfSRC systems vary depending on local conditions (e.g., climate, soil type, wastewater composition) and user demands (e.g., water reuse efficiency, type, and amount of biomass). The calculated areas ranged from 2.75 to 25.7 m<sup>2</sup>/PE, which equates to a required land area in the whole study region of between 108 and 1006 ha in 2036. This would produce up to 100 DM t/ha/year of valuable biomass. Early local stakeholder involvement and the monitoring of pollutants are recommended as priorities during the planning process for the large-scale implementation of wfSRC systems in India. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:57:09Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2313-4321 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:57:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| series | Recycling |
| spelling | doaj.art-f62d76a897824181a3c564500a17a6902023-11-19T17:56:09ZengMDPI AGRecycling2313-43212023-09-01857510.3390/recycling8050075Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)Mirko Hänel0Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar1Emil Jespersen2Aryan Upadhyay3Andrés Acosta4Nadeem Khalil5Hans Brix6Carlos A. Arias7Technology Transfer Centre (TTZ) Bremerhaven, Hausburgstrasse 17, 10249 Berlin, GermanyCentre for Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Biology, Aquatic Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, IndiaDepartment of Biology, Aquatic Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, IndiaDepartment of Biology, Aquatic Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Biology, Aquatic Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, DenmarkIn many Indian regions, increased wastewater is both a threat to public health and the environment, but it also presents an opportunity as a source of water and nutrients. With less than one-third of India’s wastewater treated and an alarming water scarcity situation, efficient wastewater treatment and reuse schemes are needed to face impending water and fertiliser shortages. This study explores the application potential of wastewater fertigated Short Rotation Coppice systems (wfSRC) as a cost-efficient and promising solution for treating and reusing wastewater in a specific region (400 km<sup>2</sup>, 184 settlements) of Aligarh (UP), India. Based on real data from a local wfSRC pilot site using bamboo, willow, and poplar, we analysed the system’s treatment performance, nutrient recovery, carbon sequestration potential, land requirements, biomass production potential, and cost–benefit, under various scenarios. The results show that the pilot wfSRC system is efficiently treating 250 m<sup>3</sup>/day of domestic wastewater on 6864 m<sup>2</sup> of land, and serving 2500 people. The land requirements for wfSRC systems vary depending on local conditions (e.g., climate, soil type, wastewater composition) and user demands (e.g., water reuse efficiency, type, and amount of biomass). The calculated areas ranged from 2.75 to 25.7 m<sup>2</sup>/PE, which equates to a required land area in the whole study region of between 108 and 1006 ha in 2036. This would produce up to 100 DM t/ha/year of valuable biomass. Early local stakeholder involvement and the monitoring of pollutants are recommended as priorities during the planning process for the large-scale implementation of wfSRC systems in India.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/8/5/75potential of wastewater fertigated/irrigated Short Rotation Coppice/Plantation (SRC, SRP) in Indianature-based wastewater treatment and reuse systemsphytofiltrationsustainable biomass (willow, poplar, bamboo) production systems |
| spellingShingle | Mirko Hänel Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar Emil Jespersen Aryan Upadhyay Andrés Acosta Nadeem Khalil Hans Brix Carlos A. Arias Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India) Recycling potential of wastewater fertigated/irrigated Short Rotation Coppice/Plantation (SRC, SRP) in India nature-based wastewater treatment and reuse systems phytofiltration sustainable biomass (willow, poplar, bamboo) production systems |
| title | Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India) |
| title_full | Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India) |
| title_fullStr | Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India) |
| title_short | Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India) |
| title_sort | application potential of wastewater fertigated short rotation coppice systems in a selected region aligarh up india |
| topic | potential of wastewater fertigated/irrigated Short Rotation Coppice/Plantation (SRC, SRP) in India nature-based wastewater treatment and reuse systems phytofiltration sustainable biomass (willow, poplar, bamboo) production systems |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/8/5/75 |
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