Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>)
In this study, we investigated the effects of germination on the secondary metabolite composition in spelt grains. Germination significantly increased the content of various metabolites in free and bound forms. Benzoxazinoids were the most important compounds in the free fraction of the 96 h germina...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/9/1769 |
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| author | Andrej Živković Dejan Gođevac Blaž Cigić Tomaž Polak Tomaž Požrl |
| author_facet | Andrej Živković Dejan Gođevac Blaž Cigić Tomaž Polak Tomaž Požrl |
| author_sort | Andrej Živković |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we investigated the effects of germination on the secondary metabolite composition in spelt grains. Germination significantly increased the content of various metabolites in free and bound forms. Benzoxazinoids were the most important compounds in the free fraction of the 96 h germinated grains (MBOA content as the predominant compound was 277.61 ± 15.29 µg/g DW). The majority of phenolic acids were present in the bound fraction, with <i>trans</i>-ferulic acid as the main component, reaching 753.27 ± 95.87 µg/g DW. The often neglected <i>cis</i>-isomers of phenolic acids accounted for about 20% of the total phenolic acids. High levels of apigenin di-C-glycosides were found in spelt grains, and the schaftoside content was most affected by germination, increasing threefold. The accumulation of secondary metabolites significantly increased the antioxidant activity of germinated spelt. According to the results of this study, the content of most bioactive compounds was highest in spelt grains after 96 h of germination. These data suggest that germinated spelt could potentially be valuable for the production of functional foods. |
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| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:19:44Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f631d1ad2fcc4431898fdfaadbd754e42023-11-17T22:54:37ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-04-01129176910.3390/foods12091769Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>)Andrej Živković0Dejan Gođevac1Blaž Cigić2Tomaž Polak3Tomaž Požrl4Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1111 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1111 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1111 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1111 Ljubljana, SloveniaIn this study, we investigated the effects of germination on the secondary metabolite composition in spelt grains. Germination significantly increased the content of various metabolites in free and bound forms. Benzoxazinoids were the most important compounds in the free fraction of the 96 h germinated grains (MBOA content as the predominant compound was 277.61 ± 15.29 µg/g DW). The majority of phenolic acids were present in the bound fraction, with <i>trans</i>-ferulic acid as the main component, reaching 753.27 ± 95.87 µg/g DW. The often neglected <i>cis</i>-isomers of phenolic acids accounted for about 20% of the total phenolic acids. High levels of apigenin di-C-glycosides were found in spelt grains, and the schaftoside content was most affected by germination, increasing threefold. The accumulation of secondary metabolites significantly increased the antioxidant activity of germinated spelt. According to the results of this study, the content of most bioactive compounds was highest in spelt grains after 96 h of germination. These data suggest that germinated spelt could potentially be valuable for the production of functional foods.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/9/1769speltgerminationbenzoxazinoids<i>cis</i>-isomersschaftosidefree and bound fractions |
| spellingShingle | Andrej Živković Dejan Gođevac Blaž Cigić Tomaž Polak Tomaž Požrl Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>) Foods spelt germination benzoxazinoids <i>cis</i>-isomers schaftoside free and bound fractions |
| title | Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>) |
| title_full | Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>) |
| title_short | Identification and Quantification of Selected Benzoxazinoids and Phenolics in Germinated Spelt (<i>Triticum spelta</i>) |
| title_sort | identification and quantification of selected benzoxazinoids and phenolics in germinated spelt i triticum spelta i |
| topic | spelt germination benzoxazinoids <i>cis</i>-isomers schaftoside free and bound fractions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/9/1769 |
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