What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intake
The present study aimed to (1) examine the changes in sleep habits and dietary intake among school-aged children after the school re-opening from a 3-month closure (without school lunch) due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) examine whether the changes differ between those with different temporal pa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutritional Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022001161/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1811156025555812352 |
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| author | Minami Sugimoto Kentaro Murakami Satoshi Sasaki |
| author_facet | Minami Sugimoto Kentaro Murakami Satoshi Sasaki |
| author_sort | Minami Sugimoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study aimed to (1) examine the changes in sleep habits and dietary intake among school-aged children after the school re-opening from a 3-month closure (without school lunch) due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) examine whether the changes differ between those with different temporal patterns of sleep and eating during school closure, namely, ‘Very early’, ‘Early’, ‘Late’ and ‘Very late’. The latter patterns were characterised by later timings of wake up, breakfast and lunch. Questionnaires were answered twice by 4084 children (aged 8–15 years), themselves and/or their parents: first in June 2020 (for assessing lifestyle during school closure) and second, from July 2020 to February 2021 (for assessing lifestyle after school opening). After school re-opening, the participants’ wake-up time became an hour earlier (95 % CI 1⋅0, 1⋅1) and sleep duration got 0⋅94 h shorter (95 % CI 0⋅91, 0⋅97) than during school closure. An increase in dietary intake was observed for thiamine, vitamin B6, potassium, fruits and dairy products, and a decrease was observed for sugars (as foods) and confectioneries and sweetened beverages, despite small effect sizes (Cohen's d: 0⋅20–0⋅30). Significant changes in wake-up time, sleep duration and sweetened beverage intake were observed among children with the latter temporal patterns. Thus, children wake up earlier and sleep for shorter durations after school re-opening than during school closure; however, changes in dietary intake were generally insignificant. Dietary intake among school-aged children in Japan during school closure (without school lunch) might not be worse than that during school days with universal school lunch. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:44:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6433ebe3bda4f37a1d778f39cbb633e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2048-6790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:44:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6433ebe3bda4f37a1d778f39cbb633e2023-03-09T12:38:35ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902023-01-011210.1017/jns.2022.116What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intakeMinami Sugimoto0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-2707Kentaro Murakami1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4189-7753Satoshi Sasaki2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-2364Institute for Future Initiatives, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, JapanDepartment of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, JapanThe present study aimed to (1) examine the changes in sleep habits and dietary intake among school-aged children after the school re-opening from a 3-month closure (without school lunch) due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) examine whether the changes differ between those with different temporal patterns of sleep and eating during school closure, namely, ‘Very early’, ‘Early’, ‘Late’ and ‘Very late’. The latter patterns were characterised by later timings of wake up, breakfast and lunch. Questionnaires were answered twice by 4084 children (aged 8–15 years), themselves and/or their parents: first in June 2020 (for assessing lifestyle during school closure) and second, from July 2020 to February 2021 (for assessing lifestyle after school opening). After school re-opening, the participants’ wake-up time became an hour earlier (95 % CI 1⋅0, 1⋅1) and sleep duration got 0⋅94 h shorter (95 % CI 0⋅91, 0⋅97) than during school closure. An increase in dietary intake was observed for thiamine, vitamin B6, potassium, fruits and dairy products, and a decrease was observed for sugars (as foods) and confectioneries and sweetened beverages, despite small effect sizes (Cohen's d: 0⋅20–0⋅30). Significant changes in wake-up time, sleep duration and sweetened beverage intake were observed among children with the latter temporal patterns. Thus, children wake up earlier and sleep for shorter durations after school re-opening than during school closure; however, changes in dietary intake were generally insignificant. Dietary intake among school-aged children in Japan during school closure (without school lunch) might not be worse than that during school days with universal school lunch.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022001161/type/journal_articleDietary intakesLatent class analysisSchool-aged childrenSleep habitsTemporal sleep and eating patterns |
| spellingShingle | Minami Sugimoto Kentaro Murakami Satoshi Sasaki What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intake Journal of Nutritional Science Dietary intakes Latent class analysis School-aged children Sleep habits Temporal sleep and eating patterns |
| title | What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intake |
| title_full | What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intake |
| title_fullStr | What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intake |
| title_full_unstemmed | What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intake |
| title_short | What happened among Japanese children from school closure due to COVID-19 after school re-opening? Changes in sleep habits and dietary intake |
| title_sort | what happened among japanese children from school closure due to covid 19 after school re opening changes in sleep habits and dietary intake |
| topic | Dietary intakes Latent class analysis School-aged children Sleep habits Temporal sleep and eating patterns |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022001161/type/journal_article |
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