Nanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV property
Abstract Background Globally, HIV/AIDS is a major public health issue. Currently, available antiretroviral therapy (ART) has a number of impediments. The need for long-term usage of antiretroviral drugs is associated with the problem of drug resistance, high cost, and other side effects. Hence, ther...
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SpringerOpen
2021-04-01
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Series: | Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-021-00105-y |
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author | M. R. Kamala Priya Manickam Ashokkumar Lucia K. Precilla Luke Elizabeth Hanna Priya R. Iyer |
author_facet | M. R. Kamala Priya Manickam Ashokkumar Lucia K. Precilla Luke Elizabeth Hanna Priya R. Iyer |
author_sort | M. R. Kamala Priya |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Abstract Background Globally, HIV/AIDS is a major public health issue. Currently, available antiretroviral therapy (ART) has a number of impediments. The need for long-term usage of antiretroviral drugs is associated with the problem of drug resistance, high cost, and other side effects. Hence, there is a constant urge for the development of novel drugs to combat the disease. The synthesis of nanoparticles is of great interest because of their reported application in diverse fields. In contrast to chemical synthesis, green synthesis is inexpensive and enviro-safe. Results Calophyllum inophyllum (CI) is a plant that is known to possess anti-HIV activity. Hence, this plant was exploited for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the present study. Two parts of the plant, namely, the fruit and leaves (CIF and CIL) were used for the synthesis of nanocompounds. The two nanocompounds were tested on HIV-1 isolates at different concentrations and the EC50 values were determined. While CIF-AuNP demonstrated very good anti-HIV activity with an EC50 value of 0.09097 ng/ml, CIL-AuNPs did not show significant anti-HIV activity. Conclusions The present study is a novel attempt to produce nanocompounds that incorporate the medicinal properties of certain plants that are known to have anti-HIV activity within nanoparticles, such that the compound possesses the attributes of a nanomaterial alongside the phytoactivity. Our results provide evidence to suggest that the CIF-AuNP can be further explored for in vivo activity. In vitro cytotoxicity of the AuNPs was checked in VERO cell lines using the MTT assay. Cytotoxicity was observed to be minimal at all the tested concentrations. |
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id | doaj.art-f65027b7fb424bd19ad4ed45c498b1db |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2314-8543 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:38:51Z |
publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
publisher | SpringerOpen |
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series | Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences |
spelling | doaj.art-f65027b7fb424bd19ad4ed45c498b1db2022-12-21T20:32:10ZengSpringerOpenBeni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences2314-85432021-04-0110111210.1186/s43088-021-00105-yNanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV propertyM. R. Kamala Priya0Manickam Ashokkumar1Lucia K. Precilla2Luke Elizabeth Hanna3Priya R. Iyer4Post Graduate and Research Department of Biotechnology, Women’s Christian CollegeDepartment of HIV/AIDS, National Institute for Research in TuberculosisDepartment of HIV/AIDS, National Institute for Research in TuberculosisDepartment of HIV/AIDS, National Institute for Research in TuberculosisPost Graduate and Research Department of Biotechnology, Women’s Christian CollegeAbstract Background Globally, HIV/AIDS is a major public health issue. Currently, available antiretroviral therapy (ART) has a number of impediments. The need for long-term usage of antiretroviral drugs is associated with the problem of drug resistance, high cost, and other side effects. Hence, there is a constant urge for the development of novel drugs to combat the disease. The synthesis of nanoparticles is of great interest because of their reported application in diverse fields. In contrast to chemical synthesis, green synthesis is inexpensive and enviro-safe. Results Calophyllum inophyllum (CI) is a plant that is known to possess anti-HIV activity. Hence, this plant was exploited for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the present study. Two parts of the plant, namely, the fruit and leaves (CIF and CIL) were used for the synthesis of nanocompounds. The two nanocompounds were tested on HIV-1 isolates at different concentrations and the EC50 values were determined. While CIF-AuNP demonstrated very good anti-HIV activity with an EC50 value of 0.09097 ng/ml, CIL-AuNPs did not show significant anti-HIV activity. Conclusions The present study is a novel attempt to produce nanocompounds that incorporate the medicinal properties of certain plants that are known to have anti-HIV activity within nanoparticles, such that the compound possesses the attributes of a nanomaterial alongside the phytoactivity. Our results provide evidence to suggest that the CIF-AuNP can be further explored for in vivo activity. In vitro cytotoxicity of the AuNPs was checked in VERO cell lines using the MTT assay. Cytotoxicity was observed to be minimal at all the tested concentrations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-021-00105-yNanoparticlesSEMAuNPsUV-vis spectraZeta potentialCytotoxicity |
spellingShingle | M. R. Kamala Priya Manickam Ashokkumar Lucia K. Precilla Luke Elizabeth Hanna Priya R. Iyer Nanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV property Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Nanoparticles SEM AuNPs UV-vis spectra Zeta potential Cytotoxicity |
title | Nanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV property |
title_full | Nanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV property |
title_fullStr | Nanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV property |
title_full_unstemmed | Nanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV property |
title_short | Nanomedicine perspective in HIV therapy: biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti-HIV property |
title_sort | nanomedicine perspective in hiv therapy biosynthesized gold nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced anti hiv property |
topic | Nanoparticles SEM AuNPs UV-vis spectra Zeta potential Cytotoxicity |
url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-021-00105-y |
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