Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals
A new bacterial species has recently been identified in the dental plaque of an adolescent with Down syndrome. The species is known as <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. (abbreviated to <i>S. downii</i>), and it inhibits the growth of <i>S. mutans</i> and certai...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/6/1098 |
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| author | Eliane García-Mato Lucía Martínez-Lamas Maximiliano Álvarez-Fernández Iván Varela-Aneiros Marcio Diniz-Freitas Jacobo Limeres-Posse Pedro Diz-Dios |
| author_facet | Eliane García-Mato Lucía Martínez-Lamas Maximiliano Álvarez-Fernández Iván Varela-Aneiros Marcio Diniz-Freitas Jacobo Limeres-Posse Pedro Diz-Dios |
| author_sort | Eliane García-Mato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new bacterial species has recently been identified in the dental plaque of an adolescent with Down syndrome. The species is known as <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. (abbreviated to <i>S. downii</i>), and it inhibits the growth of <i>S. mutans</i> and certain periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of <i>S. downii</i> in the oral cavity of individuals with Down syndrome. <b>Methods</b>: A specific polymerase chain reaction for the operon of bacteriocin (class IIb lactobin A/cerein 7B family) was designed to detect <i>S. downii</i> in individuals with Down syndrome (<i>n</i> = 200) and in the general population (<i>n</i> = 100). We also compared the whole genome of <i>S. downii</i> and the regions related to its bacteriocins against 127 metagenomes of supragingival plaque of the “Human Microbiome Project”. <b>Results</b>: We detected the specific gene of the <i>S. downii</i> bacteriocin in an individual with Down syndrome (Cq, 34.52; GE/μL, 13.0) and in an individual of the non-syndromic control group (Cq, 34.78 Cq; GE/μL, 4.93). The prevalence of <i>S. downii</i> was ≤1% both in Down syndrome and in the general population, which did not allow for clinical-microbiological correlations to be established. This result was confirmed by detecting only one metagenome with an ANIm with approximately 95% homology and with 100% homology with ORFs that code class IIb lactobiocin A/cerein 7B bacteriocins among the 127 metagenomes of the “Human Microbiome Project” tested. <b>Conclusions</b>: The detection rate of <i>S. downii</i> in the supragingival dental plaque was very low, both in the Down syndrome individuals and in the non-syndromic controls. A clinical-microbiological correlation could therefore not be established. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:00:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6510077e869464abc0d29299dc28926 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:00:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6510077e869464abc0d29299dc289262023-11-23T18:02:58ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-05-01106109810.3390/microorganisms10061098Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic IndividualsEliane García-Mato0Lucía Martínez-Lamas1Maximiliano Álvarez-Fernández2Iván Varela-Aneiros3Marcio Diniz-Freitas4Jacobo Limeres-Posse5Pedro Diz-Dios6Medical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainClinical Microbiology, Microbiology and Infectiology Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, 36312 Vigo, SpainClinical Microbiology, Microbiology and Infectiology Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, 36312 Vigo, SpainMedical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainMedical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainMedical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainMedical-Surgical Dentistry Research Group (OMEQUI), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainA new bacterial species has recently been identified in the dental plaque of an adolescent with Down syndrome. The species is known as <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. (abbreviated to <i>S. downii</i>), and it inhibits the growth of <i>S. mutans</i> and certain periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of <i>S. downii</i> in the oral cavity of individuals with Down syndrome. <b>Methods</b>: A specific polymerase chain reaction for the operon of bacteriocin (class IIb lactobin A/cerein 7B family) was designed to detect <i>S. downii</i> in individuals with Down syndrome (<i>n</i> = 200) and in the general population (<i>n</i> = 100). We also compared the whole genome of <i>S. downii</i> and the regions related to its bacteriocins against 127 metagenomes of supragingival plaque of the “Human Microbiome Project”. <b>Results</b>: We detected the specific gene of the <i>S. downii</i> bacteriocin in an individual with Down syndrome (Cq, 34.52; GE/μL, 13.0) and in an individual of the non-syndromic control group (Cq, 34.78 Cq; GE/μL, 4.93). The prevalence of <i>S. downii</i> was ≤1% both in Down syndrome and in the general population, which did not allow for clinical-microbiological correlations to be established. This result was confirmed by detecting only one metagenome with an ANIm with approximately 95% homology and with 100% homology with ORFs that code class IIb lactobiocin A/cerein 7B bacteriocins among the 127 metagenomes of the “Human Microbiome Project” tested. <b>Conclusions</b>: The detection rate of <i>S. downii</i> in the supragingival dental plaque was very low, both in the Down syndrome individuals and in the non-syndromic controls. A clinical-microbiological correlation could therefore not be established.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/6/1098<i>Streptococcus downii</i>Down syndrome<i>Streptococcus mutans</i>cariesperiodontal diseaseoral health |
| spellingShingle | Eliane García-Mato Lucía Martínez-Lamas Maximiliano Álvarez-Fernández Iván Varela-Aneiros Marcio Diniz-Freitas Jacobo Limeres-Posse Pedro Diz-Dios Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals Microorganisms <i>Streptococcus downii</i> Down syndrome <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> caries periodontal disease oral health |
| title | Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals |
| title_full | Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals |
| title_short | Molecular Detection of <i>Streptococcus downii</i> sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals |
| title_sort | molecular detection of i streptococcus downii i sp nov from dental plaque samples from patients with down syndrome and non syndromic individuals |
| topic | <i>Streptococcus downii</i> Down syndrome <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> caries periodontal disease oral health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/6/1098 |
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