Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat Steel
In order to investigate the causes of the large number of cracks and porosities formed in 33MnCrTiB fork flat steel produced by a special steel plant, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis, and large sample electrolysis of the obtained steel samples were c...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/2/253 |
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| author | Yangyang Ge Shuo Zhao Liang Ma Tao Yan Zushu Li Bin Yang |
| author_facet | Yangyang Ge Shuo Zhao Liang Ma Tao Yan Zushu Li Bin Yang |
| author_sort | Yangyang Ge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to investigate the causes of the large number of cracks and porosities formed in 33MnCrTiB fork flat steel produced by a special steel plant, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis, and large sample electrolysis of the obtained steel samples were carried out in different steps of the steelmaking processes. The main micro-inclusions in the fork flat steel samples were Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO-MgO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>, and TiN, and the macro-inclusions were mainly Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub>, and CaO-MgO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub>-(K<sub>2</sub>O) systems which originated from the ladle slag and mold flux in the production process. In order to reduce the number of micro-inclusions effectively, the control range of components in the refining slag was confirmed by the thermodynamic calculation, where the mass ratio of CaO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> should be in the range of 1.85⁻1.92, and the mass fraction of SiO<sub>2</sub> and MgO should be controlled to 7.5⁻20% and 6⁻8%, respectively. In addition, the numbers of macro-inclusions in the flat steel should be effectively reduced by optimizing the flow field of mold and preventing the secondary oxidation, and the flat steel quality problems caused by the inclusions can be improved by the optimization process above. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:43:12Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-f653fc21f55e461b91c8ec8faf2dab472022-12-21T19:56:16ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012019-02-019225310.3390/met9020253met9020253Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat SteelYangyang Ge0Shuo Zhao1Liang Ma2Tao Yan3Zushu Li4Bin Yang5Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, ChinaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, ChinaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, ChinaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, ChinaWarwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKHebei Yongyang Special Steel Group Co., Ltd., Handan 056000, ChinaIn order to investigate the causes of the large number of cracks and porosities formed in 33MnCrTiB fork flat steel produced by a special steel plant, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis, and large sample electrolysis of the obtained steel samples were carried out in different steps of the steelmaking processes. The main micro-inclusions in the fork flat steel samples were Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO-MgO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>, and TiN, and the macro-inclusions were mainly Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub>, and CaO-MgO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub>-(K<sub>2</sub>O) systems which originated from the ladle slag and mold flux in the production process. In order to reduce the number of micro-inclusions effectively, the control range of components in the refining slag was confirmed by the thermodynamic calculation, where the mass ratio of CaO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> should be in the range of 1.85⁻1.92, and the mass fraction of SiO<sub>2</sub> and MgO should be controlled to 7.5⁻20% and 6⁻8%, respectively. In addition, the numbers of macro-inclusions in the flat steel should be effectively reduced by optimizing the flow field of mold and preventing the secondary oxidation, and the flat steel quality problems caused by the inclusions can be improved by the optimization process above.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/2/253forkflat steelinclusions33MnCrTiBslag |
| spellingShingle | Yangyang Ge Shuo Zhao Liang Ma Tao Yan Zushu Li Bin Yang Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat Steel Metals fork flat steel inclusions 33MnCrTiB slag |
| title | Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat Steel |
| title_full | Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat Steel |
| title_fullStr | Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat Steel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat Steel |
| title_short | Inclusions Control and Refining Slag Optimization for Fork Flat Steel |
| title_sort | inclusions control and refining slag optimization for fork flat steel |
| topic | fork flat steel inclusions 33MnCrTiB slag |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/2/253 |
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