Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model
Excessive consumption of fat and carbohydrates, together with a decrease in traditional food intake, has been related to obesity and the development of metabolic alterations. Ramon seed is a traditional Mayan food used to obtain Ramon flour (RF) with high biological value in terms of protein, fiber,...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| author | Trinidad Eugenia Cu-Cañetas Laura A. Velázquez-Villegas Mariana Manzanilla-Franco Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera Juan José Acevedo-Fernández Enrique Barbosa-Martín Claudia C. Márquez-Mota Adriana M. López-Barradas Lilia G. Noriega Martha Guevara-Cruz Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solís Azalia Avila-Nava |
| author_facet | Trinidad Eugenia Cu-Cañetas Laura A. Velázquez-Villegas Mariana Manzanilla-Franco Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera Juan José Acevedo-Fernández Enrique Barbosa-Martín Claudia C. Márquez-Mota Adriana M. López-Barradas Lilia G. Noriega Martha Guevara-Cruz Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solís Azalia Avila-Nava |
| author_sort | Trinidad Eugenia Cu-Cañetas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Excessive consumption of fat and carbohydrates, together with a decrease in traditional food intake, has been related to obesity and the development of metabolic alterations. Ramon seed is a traditional Mayan food used to obtain Ramon flour (RF) with high biological value in terms of protein, fiber, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. However, few studies have evaluated the beneficial effects of RF. Thus, we aimed to determine the metabolic effects of RF consumption on a high-fat-diet-induced obesity mouse model. We divided male <i>BALB/c</i> mice into four groups (<i>n</i> = 5 each group) and fed them for 90 days with the following diets: Control (C): control diet (AIN-93), C + RF: control diet adjusted with 25% RF, HFD: high-fat diet + 5% sugar in water, and HFD + RF: high-fat diet adjusted with 25% RF + 5% sugar in water. The RF prevented the increase in serum total cholesterol (TC) and alanine transaminase (ALT) that occurred in the C and HFD groups. Notably, RF together with HFD increased serum polyphenols and antioxidant activity, and it promoted a decrease in the adipocyte size in white adipose tissue, along with lower hepatic lipid accumulation than in the HFD group. In the liver, the HFD + RF group showed an increase in the expression of β-oxidation-related genes, and downregulation of the fatty acid synthase (<i>Fas</i>) gene compared with the HFD group. Moreover, the HFD + RF group had increased hepatic phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), along with increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression compared with the HFD group. Thus, RF may be used as a nutritional strategy to decrease metabolic alterations during obesity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:05:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f675b3a54670411f834bcef3e38b6feb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:05:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f675b3a54670411f834bcef3e38b6feb2023-11-24T14:25:47ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-11-011211195710.3390/antiox12111957Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse ModelTrinidad Eugenia Cu-Cañetas0Laura A. Velázquez-Villegas1Mariana Manzanilla-Franco2Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera3Juan José Acevedo-Fernández4Enrique Barbosa-Martín5Claudia C. Márquez-Mota6Adriana M. López-Barradas7Lilia G. Noriega8Martha Guevara-Cruz9Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solís10Azalia Avila-Nava11Escuela de Salud, Universidad Modelo, Mérida 97130, Yucatán, MexicoDepartamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Ciudad de México 14080, MexicoEscuela de Salud, Universidad Modelo, Mérida 97130, Yucatán, MexicoCentro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) A.C., Subsede Sureste, Mérida 97302, Yucatán, MexicoDepartamento de Fisiología y Fisiopatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, MexicoEscuela de Salud, Universidad Modelo, Mérida 97130, Yucatán, MexicoDepartamento de Nutrición Animal y Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (FMVZ-UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, MexicoDepartamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Ciudad de México 14080, MexicoDepartamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Ciudad de México 14080, MexicoDepartamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Ciudad de México 14080, MexicoHospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán (HRAEPY), Mérida 97130, Yucatán, MexicoHospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán (HRAEPY), Mérida 97130, Yucatán, MexicoExcessive consumption of fat and carbohydrates, together with a decrease in traditional food intake, has been related to obesity and the development of metabolic alterations. Ramon seed is a traditional Mayan food used to obtain Ramon flour (RF) with high biological value in terms of protein, fiber, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. However, few studies have evaluated the beneficial effects of RF. Thus, we aimed to determine the metabolic effects of RF consumption on a high-fat-diet-induced obesity mouse model. We divided male <i>BALB/c</i> mice into four groups (<i>n</i> = 5 each group) and fed them for 90 days with the following diets: Control (C): control diet (AIN-93), C + RF: control diet adjusted with 25% RF, HFD: high-fat diet + 5% sugar in water, and HFD + RF: high-fat diet adjusted with 25% RF + 5% sugar in water. The RF prevented the increase in serum total cholesterol (TC) and alanine transaminase (ALT) that occurred in the C and HFD groups. Notably, RF together with HFD increased serum polyphenols and antioxidant activity, and it promoted a decrease in the adipocyte size in white adipose tissue, along with lower hepatic lipid accumulation than in the HFD group. In the liver, the HFD + RF group showed an increase in the expression of β-oxidation-related genes, and downregulation of the fatty acid synthase (<i>Fas</i>) gene compared with the HFD group. Moreover, the HFD + RF group had increased hepatic phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), along with increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression compared with the HFD group. Thus, RF may be used as a nutritional strategy to decrease metabolic alterations during obesity.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/11/1957Ramon flourlipid metabolismadipocytesfatty liverpolyphenols |
| spellingShingle | Trinidad Eugenia Cu-Cañetas Laura A. Velázquez-Villegas Mariana Manzanilla-Franco Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera Juan José Acevedo-Fernández Enrique Barbosa-Martín Claudia C. Márquez-Mota Adriana M. López-Barradas Lilia G. Noriega Martha Guevara-Cruz Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solís Azalia Avila-Nava Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model Antioxidants Ramon flour lipid metabolism adipocytes fatty liver polyphenols |
| title | Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model |
| title_full | Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model |
| title_fullStr | Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model |
| title_short | Ramon Flour (<i>Brosimum alicastrum</i> Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model |
| title_sort | ramon flour i brosimum alicastrum i swartz ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation induction of ampk phosphorylation and expression of the hepatic antioxidant system in a high fat diet induced obesity mouse model |
| topic | Ramon flour lipid metabolism adipocytes fatty liver polyphenols |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/11/1957 |
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