Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrix
Carotenoids, the most widespread biological pigments, are responsible for the coloration of animal tissues and surfaces. Yet, little is known about the mechanism of how carotenoids affect the color of clam shells. The hard clam, Meretrix meretrix, exhibits genetic polymorphism leading to diverse she...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425000602 |
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| author | Heming Shi Baoyue Cui Liyuan Lv Yinghui Dong Zhihua Lin Jilin Xu Hanhan Yao |
| author_facet | Heming Shi Baoyue Cui Liyuan Lv Yinghui Dong Zhihua Lin Jilin Xu Hanhan Yao |
| author_sort | Heming Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carotenoids, the most widespread biological pigments, are responsible for the coloration of animal tissues and surfaces. Yet, little is known about the mechanism of how carotenoids affect the color of clam shells. The hard clam, Meretrix meretrix, exhibits genetic polymorphism leading to diverse shell colors, making it an ideal model for studying carotenoid-based coloring. Cultured strains of M. meretrix with distinct shell colors (red and white) were selected to explore the relationship between carotenoids and shell color. Raman spectroscopy and pigment content analysis revealed that carotenoids primarily contributed to the red shell. The β-carotene-15,15'-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) in M. meretrix was cloned, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. Expression studies showed that Mm-BCMO1 mRNA was consistently expressed during early development, with a notable increase in umbo larvae. High levels of Mm-BCMO1 expression were observed in the hepatopancreas and mantles, particularly in the red strain compared to the white strain. In addition, protein analysis via western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) confirmed that Mm-BCMO1 protein levels corresponded to mRNA levels, mainly localized in epithelial cells of the mantle. Moreover, 12 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the promoter and coding sequence (CDS) regions of Mm-BCMO1, potentially explaining the color variation between the two shell color strains. These findings indicate that carotenoids, influenced by Mm-BCMO1, play a crucial role in the pigmentation of red shell color. The study provides insights into carotenoid metabolism in M. meretrix and offers valuable information for molecular marker-assisted breeding in clam aquaculture. |
| first_indexed | 2025-03-14T03:34:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6922faa71e74220a942c9371fbaa71e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-5134 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-14T03:34:11Z |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6922faa71e74220a942c9371fbaa71e2025-03-09T05:14:18ZengElsevierAquaculture Reports2352-51342025-04-0141102674Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrixHeming Shi0Baoyue Cui1Liyuan Lv2Yinghui Dong3Zhihua Lin4Jilin Xu5Hanhan Yao6College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, PR ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR ChinaNinghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, PR ChinaNinghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, PR China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315101, PR ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Corresponding authors.Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China; Corresponding authors.Carotenoids, the most widespread biological pigments, are responsible for the coloration of animal tissues and surfaces. Yet, little is known about the mechanism of how carotenoids affect the color of clam shells. The hard clam, Meretrix meretrix, exhibits genetic polymorphism leading to diverse shell colors, making it an ideal model for studying carotenoid-based coloring. Cultured strains of M. meretrix with distinct shell colors (red and white) were selected to explore the relationship between carotenoids and shell color. Raman spectroscopy and pigment content analysis revealed that carotenoids primarily contributed to the red shell. The β-carotene-15,15'-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) in M. meretrix was cloned, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. Expression studies showed that Mm-BCMO1 mRNA was consistently expressed during early development, with a notable increase in umbo larvae. High levels of Mm-BCMO1 expression were observed in the hepatopancreas and mantles, particularly in the red strain compared to the white strain. In addition, protein analysis via western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) confirmed that Mm-BCMO1 protein levels corresponded to mRNA levels, mainly localized in epithelial cells of the mantle. Moreover, 12 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the promoter and coding sequence (CDS) regions of Mm-BCMO1, potentially explaining the color variation between the two shell color strains. These findings indicate that carotenoids, influenced by Mm-BCMO1, play a crucial role in the pigmentation of red shell color. The study provides insights into carotenoid metabolism in M. meretrix and offers valuable information for molecular marker-assisted breeding in clam aquaculture.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425000602Meretrix meretrixBCMO1CarotenoidsShell colorSingle nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)Association analysis |
| spellingShingle | Heming Shi Baoyue Cui Liyuan Lv Yinghui Dong Zhihua Lin Jilin Xu Hanhan Yao Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrix Aquaculture Reports Meretrix meretrix BCMO1 Carotenoids Shell color Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Association analysis |
| title | Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrix |
| title_full | Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrix |
| title_fullStr | Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrix |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrix |
| title_short | Correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase BCMO1 and the formation of red shell-color in hard clam Meretrix meretrix |
| title_sort | correlation analysis between carotenoid lyase bcmo1 and the formation of red shell color in hard clam meretrix meretrix |
| topic | Meretrix meretrix BCMO1 Carotenoids Shell color Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Association analysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513425000602 |
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