| Summary: | This study proposes a simple and controlled method for producing TiO<sub>2</sub> with phase junction, oxygen vacancies, and Ti<sup>3+</sup> by combining picosecond pulsed laser irradiation and electrochemical anodization. Ti mesh was pretreated by irradiating with a picosecond pulsed laser technique using an Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) at two fluencies, 15 J/cm<sup>2</sup> and 30 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. The samples were then subjected to electrochemical anodization to form TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays on the previously laser-treated surface. This study will investigate the possibility of forming TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays on a pre-laser-treated Ti substrate and determine their physicochemical and photocatalytic properties. The samples were characterized by FESEM, XRD, Raman, XPS, and UV-Vis DRS. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to observe the progress of photocatalytic degradation for all samples, and degradation products were determined using GC-MS. With the synergistic effects of phase junction, oxygen vacancies, and Ti<sup>3+</sup>, the laser-treated TiO<sub>2</sub> with 30 J/cm<sup>2</sup> showed a higher photocatalytic degradation rate (85.1%) of the pesticide carbofuran compared to non-laser-treated TiO<sub>2</sub> (54.8%), remaining stable during successive degradation cycles, which has promising practical applications.
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