First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatula
The marine diatom Guinardia delicatula is a cosmopolitan species that dominates seasonal blooms in the English Channel and the North Sea. Several eukaryotic parasites are known to induce the mortality of this species. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the first viruses that infec...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03235/full |
| _version_ | 1819294498540224512 |
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| author | Laure Arsenieff Nathalie Simon Fabienne Rigaut-Jalabert Florence Le Gall Samuel Chaffron Erwan Corre Emmanuelle Com Emmanuelle Com Estelle Bigeard Anne-Claire Baudoux |
| author_facet | Laure Arsenieff Nathalie Simon Fabienne Rigaut-Jalabert Florence Le Gall Samuel Chaffron Erwan Corre Emmanuelle Com Emmanuelle Com Estelle Bigeard Anne-Claire Baudoux |
| author_sort | Laure Arsenieff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The marine diatom Guinardia delicatula is a cosmopolitan species that dominates seasonal blooms in the English Channel and the North Sea. Several eukaryotic parasites are known to induce the mortality of this species. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the first viruses that infect G. delicatula. Viruses were isolated from the Western English Channel (SOMLIT-Astan station) during the late summer bloom decline of G. delicatula. A combination of laboratory approaches revealed that these lytic viruses (GdelRNAV) are small tailless particles of 35–38 nm in diameter that replicate in the host cytoplasm where both unordered particles and crystalline arrays are formed. GdelRNAV display a linear single-stranded RNA genome of ~9 kb, including two open reading frames encoding for replication and structural polyproteins. Phylogenetic relationships based on the RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase gene marker showed that GdelRNAV are new members of the Bacillarnavirus, a monophyletic genus belonging to the order Picornavirales. GdelRNAV are specific to several strains of G. delicatula. They were rapidly and largely produced (<12 h, 9.34 × 104 virions per host cell). Our analysis points out the host's variable viral susceptibilities during the early exponential growth phase. Interestingly, we consistently failed to isolate viruses during spring and early summer while G. delicatula developed important blooms. While our study suggests that viruses do contribute to the decline of G. delicatula's late summer bloom, they may not be the primary mortality agents during the remaining blooms at SOMLIT-Astan. Future studies should focus on the relative contribution of the viral and eukaryotic pathogens to the control of Guinardia's blooms to understand the fate of these prominent organisms in marine systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T04:27:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6a5f5bc3d5543f8b24c219c93565ec1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T04:27:17Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6a5f5bc3d5543f8b24c219c93565ec12022-12-21T17:15:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2019-01-01910.3389/fmicb.2018.03235423509First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatulaLaure Arsenieff0Nathalie Simon1Fabienne Rigaut-Jalabert2Florence Le Gall3Samuel Chaffron4Erwan Corre5Emmanuelle Com6Emmanuelle Com7Estelle Bigeard8Anne-Claire Baudoux9Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7144, Diversity and Interactions in Oceanic Plankton - Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7144, Diversity and Interactions in Oceanic Plankton - Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS Fédération de Recherche FR2424 - Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7144, Diversity and Interactions in Oceanic Plankton - Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceLaboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), CNRS UMR 6004 – Université de Nantes, Nantes, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS Fédération de Recherche FR2424 - Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceUniv Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, FranceProtim, Univ Rennes, Rennes, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7144, Diversity and Interactions in Oceanic Plankton - Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7144, Diversity and Interactions in Oceanic Plankton - Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceThe marine diatom Guinardia delicatula is a cosmopolitan species that dominates seasonal blooms in the English Channel and the North Sea. Several eukaryotic parasites are known to induce the mortality of this species. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the first viruses that infect G. delicatula. Viruses were isolated from the Western English Channel (SOMLIT-Astan station) during the late summer bloom decline of G. delicatula. A combination of laboratory approaches revealed that these lytic viruses (GdelRNAV) are small tailless particles of 35–38 nm in diameter that replicate in the host cytoplasm where both unordered particles and crystalline arrays are formed. GdelRNAV display a linear single-stranded RNA genome of ~9 kb, including two open reading frames encoding for replication and structural polyproteins. Phylogenetic relationships based on the RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase gene marker showed that GdelRNAV are new members of the Bacillarnavirus, a monophyletic genus belonging to the order Picornavirales. GdelRNAV are specific to several strains of G. delicatula. They were rapidly and largely produced (<12 h, 9.34 × 104 virions per host cell). Our analysis points out the host's variable viral susceptibilities during the early exponential growth phase. Interestingly, we consistently failed to isolate viruses during spring and early summer while G. delicatula developed important blooms. While our study suggests that viruses do contribute to the decline of G. delicatula's late summer bloom, they may not be the primary mortality agents during the remaining blooms at SOMLIT-Astan. Future studies should focus on the relative contribution of the viral and eukaryotic pathogens to the control of Guinardia's blooms to understand the fate of these prominent organisms in marine systems.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03235/fullsingle-stranded RNA virusesdiatomsgenomicshost-virus dynamicsWestern English Channel |
| spellingShingle | Laure Arsenieff Nathalie Simon Fabienne Rigaut-Jalabert Florence Le Gall Samuel Chaffron Erwan Corre Emmanuelle Com Emmanuelle Com Estelle Bigeard Anne-Claire Baudoux First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatula Frontiers in Microbiology single-stranded RNA viruses diatoms genomics host-virus dynamics Western English Channel |
| title | First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatula |
| title_full | First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatula |
| title_fullStr | First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatula |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatula |
| title_short | First Viruses Infecting the Marine Diatom Guinardia delicatula |
| title_sort | first viruses infecting the marine diatom guinardia delicatula |
| topic | single-stranded RNA viruses diatoms genomics host-virus dynamics Western English Channel |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03235/full |
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