The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling study
<p>Over the past decades, average global wheat yields have increased by about 250 %, mainly due to the cultivation of high-yielding wheat cultivars. This selection process not only affected aboveground parts of plants, but in some cases also reduced root biomass, with potentially la...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | https://www.biogeosciences.net/17/2971/2020/bg-17-2971-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819207337318023168 |
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| author | M. Van de Broek S. Ghiasi C. Decock C. Decock A. Hund S. Abiven C. Friedli C. Friedli R. A. Werner J. Six |
| author_facet | M. Van de Broek S. Ghiasi C. Decock C. Decock A. Hund S. Abiven C. Friedli C. Friedli R. A. Werner J. Six |
| author_sort | M. Van de Broek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Over the past decades, average global wheat yields have
increased by about 250 %, mainly due to the cultivation of high-yielding
wheat cultivars. This selection process not only affected aboveground parts
of plants, but in some cases also reduced root biomass, with potentially
large consequences for the amount of organic carbon (OC) transferred to the
soil. To study the effect of wheat breeding for high-yielding cultivars on
subsoil OC dynamics, two old and two new wheat cultivars from the Swiss
wheat breeding program were grown for one growing season in 1.5 m deep
lysimeters and pulse labeled with <span class="inline-formula"><sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub></span> to quantify the amount
of assimilated carbon that was transferred belowground and can potentially
be stabilized in the soil. The results show that although the old wheat
cultivars with higher root biomass transferred more assimilated carbon
belowground compared to more recent cultivars, no significant differences in
net rhizodeposition were found between the different cultivars. As a
consequence, the long-term effect of wheat cultivar selection on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks
will depend on the amount of root biomass that is stabilized in the soil.
Our results suggest that the process of wheat selection for high-yielding
cultivars resulted in lower amounts of belowground carbon translocation,
with potentially important effects on SOC stocks. Further research is
necessary to quantify the long-term importance of this effect.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T05:21:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6af8e8ff5c1493dbc8b86b58acd4591 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T05:21:53Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6af8e8ff5c1493dbc8b86b58acd45912022-12-21T17:58:40ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892020-06-01172971298610.5194/bg-17-2971-2020The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling studyM. Van de Broek0S. Ghiasi1C. Decock2C. Decock3A. Hund4S. Abiven5C. Friedli6C. Friedli7R. A. Werner8J. Six9Sustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandGrassland Sciences Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandSustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USAGroup of Crop Science, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Geography, University of Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandGroup of Crop Science, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Geography, University of Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandGrassland Sciences Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandSustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland<p>Over the past decades, average global wheat yields have increased by about 250 %, mainly due to the cultivation of high-yielding wheat cultivars. This selection process not only affected aboveground parts of plants, but in some cases also reduced root biomass, with potentially large consequences for the amount of organic carbon (OC) transferred to the soil. To study the effect of wheat breeding for high-yielding cultivars on subsoil OC dynamics, two old and two new wheat cultivars from the Swiss wheat breeding program were grown for one growing season in 1.5 m deep lysimeters and pulse labeled with <span class="inline-formula"><sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub></span> to quantify the amount of assimilated carbon that was transferred belowground and can potentially be stabilized in the soil. The results show that although the old wheat cultivars with higher root biomass transferred more assimilated carbon belowground compared to more recent cultivars, no significant differences in net rhizodeposition were found between the different cultivars. As a consequence, the long-term effect of wheat cultivar selection on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks will depend on the amount of root biomass that is stabilized in the soil. Our results suggest that the process of wheat selection for high-yielding cultivars resulted in lower amounts of belowground carbon translocation, with potentially important effects on SOC stocks. Further research is necessary to quantify the long-term importance of this effect.</p>https://www.biogeosciences.net/17/2971/2020/bg-17-2971-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | M. Van de Broek S. Ghiasi C. Decock C. Decock A. Hund S. Abiven C. Friedli C. Friedli R. A. Werner J. Six The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling study Biogeosciences |
| title | The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling study |
| title_full | The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling study |
| title_fullStr | The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling study |
| title_short | The soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars: a <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>-labeling study |
| title_sort | soil organic carbon stabilization potential of old and new wheat cultivars a sup 13 sup co sub 2 sub labeling study |
| url | https://www.biogeosciences.net/17/2971/2020/bg-17-2971-2020.pdf |
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