The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV
Abstract Background Epidemiological surveillance data indicate that a majority of HIV-infected in the United States (U.S.) military are African-Americans and men who have sex with men. There is limited research about barriers to HIV prevention among military service members and the unique factors th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11462-9 |
| _version_ | 1818649799012909056 |
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| author | Joseph M. Yabes Phillip W. Schnarrs Leroy B. Foster Paul T. Scott Jason F. Okulicz Shilpa Hakre |
| author_facet | Joseph M. Yabes Phillip W. Schnarrs Leroy B. Foster Paul T. Scott Jason F. Okulicz Shilpa Hakre |
| author_sort | Joseph M. Yabes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Epidemiological surveillance data indicate that a majority of HIV-infected in the United States (U.S.) military are African-Americans and men who have sex with men. There is limited research about barriers to HIV prevention among military service members and the unique factors that contribute to HIV stigma. Methods A convenience sample of 30 U.S. service members were recruited from an infectious disease clinic. In depth interviews were conducted and data analyzed using a thematic coding process. Results Two broad categories were identified: 1) Outcomes of HIV Stigma: Fear of Rejection, Shame, and Embarrassment; and 2) Strategies for combating stigma which include increasing HIV education and prevention resources. Military policies and institutional culture regarding sexuality were found to contribute to stigma. Conclusions Participants identified a need for HIV education and suggested individuals living with HIV serve as mentors. A peer-to-peer intervention for delivering HIV prevention education may address these needs and reduce HIV stigma. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:40:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6b1a248e7d1458f9064cb27f83609b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:40:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6b1a248e7d1458f9064cb27f83609b82022-12-21T22:08:20ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582021-07-0121111110.1186/s12889-021-11462-9The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIVJoseph M. Yabes0Phillip W. Schnarrs1Leroy B. Foster2Paul T. Scott3Jason F. Okulicz4Shilpa Hakre5Infectious Disease Service, Brooke Army Medical CenterDepartment of Population Health, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at AustinU.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchEmerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchInfectious Disease Service, Brooke Army Medical CenterHenry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc.Abstract Background Epidemiological surveillance data indicate that a majority of HIV-infected in the United States (U.S.) military are African-Americans and men who have sex with men. There is limited research about barriers to HIV prevention among military service members and the unique factors that contribute to HIV stigma. Methods A convenience sample of 30 U.S. service members were recruited from an infectious disease clinic. In depth interviews were conducted and data analyzed using a thematic coding process. Results Two broad categories were identified: 1) Outcomes of HIV Stigma: Fear of Rejection, Shame, and Embarrassment; and 2) Strategies for combating stigma which include increasing HIV education and prevention resources. Military policies and institutional culture regarding sexuality were found to contribute to stigma. Conclusions Participants identified a need for HIV education and suggested individuals living with HIV serve as mentors. A peer-to-peer intervention for delivering HIV prevention education may address these needs and reduce HIV stigma.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11462-9HIVStigmaMilitarySexuality |
| spellingShingle | Joseph M. Yabes Phillip W. Schnarrs Leroy B. Foster Paul T. Scott Jason F. Okulicz Shilpa Hakre The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV BMC Public Health HIV Stigma Military Sexuality |
| title | The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV |
| title_full | The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV |
| title_fullStr | The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV |
| title_full_unstemmed | The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV |
| title_short | The 3 levels of HIV stigma in the United States military: perspectives from service members living with HIV |
| title_sort | 3 levels of hiv stigma in the united states military perspectives from service members living with hiv |
| topic | HIV Stigma Military Sexuality |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11462-9 |
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