Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults
Abstract Background Activation timings of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance were investigated in young and older adults during bilateral arm flexion in a self-timing task and an oddball task with different probabilities of target presentation. Arm flexion was star...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Physiological Anthropology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40101-017-0160-8 |
| _version_ | 1818684070693961728 |
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| author | Chie Yaguchi Katsuo Fujiwara Naoe Kiyota |
| author_facet | Chie Yaguchi Katsuo Fujiwara Naoe Kiyota |
| author_sort | Chie Yaguchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Activation timings of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance were investigated in young and older adults during bilateral arm flexion in a self-timing task and an oddball task with different probabilities of target presentation. Arm flexion was started from a standing posture with hands suspended 10 cm below the horizontal level in front of the body, in which postural control focused on the ankles is important. Methods Fourteen young and 14 older adults raised the arms in response to the target sound signal. Three task conditions were used: 15 and 45% probabilities of the target in the oddball task and self-timing. Analysis items were activation timing of postural muscles (erector spinae, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius) with respect to the anterior deltoid (AD), and latency and amplitude of the P300 component of event-related brain potential. Results For young adults, all postural muscles were activated significantly earlier than AD under each condition, and time of preceding gastrocnemius activation was significantly longer in the order of the self-timing, 45 and 15% conditions. P300 latency was significantly shorter, and P300 amplitude was significantly smaller under the 45% condition than under the 15% condition. For older adults, although all postural muscles, including gastrocnemius, were activated significantly earlier than AD in the self-timing condition, only activation timing of gastrocnemius was not significantly earlier than that of AD in oddball tasks, regardless of target probability. No significant differences were found between 15 and 45% conditions in onset times of all postural muscles, and latency and amplitude of P300. Conclusion These results suggest that during arm movement, young adults can achieve sufficient postural preparation in proportion to the probability of target presentation in the oddball task. Older adults can achieve postural control using ankle joints in the self-timing task. However, in the oddball task, older adults experience difficulty predicting the timing of target presentation, which could be related to deteriorated cognitive function, resulting in reduced use of the ankle joints for postural control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T10:44:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6b3570d48014440af82192101c87037 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1880-6805 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T10:44:47Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Physiological Anthropology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6b3570d48014440af82192101c870372022-12-21T21:52:10ZengBMCJournal of Physiological Anthropology1880-68052017-12-013611810.1186/s40101-017-0160-8Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adultsChie Yaguchi0Katsuo Fujiwara1Naoe Kiyota2Department of Rehabilitation, Japan Health Care CollegeDepartment of Sports and Health, Kanazawa Gakuin UniversityDepartment of Rehabilitation, Japan Health Care CollegeAbstract Background Activation timings of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance were investigated in young and older adults during bilateral arm flexion in a self-timing task and an oddball task with different probabilities of target presentation. Arm flexion was started from a standing posture with hands suspended 10 cm below the horizontal level in front of the body, in which postural control focused on the ankles is important. Methods Fourteen young and 14 older adults raised the arms in response to the target sound signal. Three task conditions were used: 15 and 45% probabilities of the target in the oddball task and self-timing. Analysis items were activation timing of postural muscles (erector spinae, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius) with respect to the anterior deltoid (AD), and latency and amplitude of the P300 component of event-related brain potential. Results For young adults, all postural muscles were activated significantly earlier than AD under each condition, and time of preceding gastrocnemius activation was significantly longer in the order of the self-timing, 45 and 15% conditions. P300 latency was significantly shorter, and P300 amplitude was significantly smaller under the 45% condition than under the 15% condition. For older adults, although all postural muscles, including gastrocnemius, were activated significantly earlier than AD in the self-timing condition, only activation timing of gastrocnemius was not significantly earlier than that of AD in oddball tasks, regardless of target probability. No significant differences were found between 15 and 45% conditions in onset times of all postural muscles, and latency and amplitude of P300. Conclusion These results suggest that during arm movement, young adults can achieve sufficient postural preparation in proportion to the probability of target presentation in the oddball task. Older adults can achieve postural control using ankle joints in the self-timing task. However, in the oddball task, older adults experience difficulty predicting the timing of target presentation, which could be related to deteriorated cognitive function, resulting in reduced use of the ankle joints for postural control.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40101-017-0160-8Older adultsProbabilityActivation timing of postural muscleEvent-related brain potentialP300Predictability |
| spellingShingle | Chie Yaguchi Katsuo Fujiwara Naoe Kiyota Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults Journal of Physiological Anthropology Older adults Probability Activation timing of postural muscle Event-related brain potential P300 Predictability |
| title | Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults |
| title_full | Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults |
| title_fullStr | Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults |
| title_short | Activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults |
| title_sort | activation timing of postural muscles of lower legs and prediction of postural disturbance during bilateral arm flexion in older adults |
| topic | Older adults Probability Activation timing of postural muscle Event-related brain potential P300 Predictability |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40101-017-0160-8 |
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