High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical Challenges
MicroRNA (miR) are short non-coding RNAs known to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, and have been reported as biomarkers for various diseases. miR have also been served as potential drug targets. The identity, functions and detection of a specific miR are determined by its RNA sequenc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Non-Coding RNA |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/2/4/13 |
| _version_ | 1817985126742622208 |
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| author | Joseph N. Mwangi Norman H. L. Chiu |
| author_facet | Joseph N. Mwangi Norman H. L. Chiu |
| author_sort | Joseph N. Mwangi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | MicroRNA (miR) are short non-coding RNAs known to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, and have been reported as biomarkers for various diseases. miR have also been served as potential drug targets. The identity, functions and detection of a specific miR are determined by its RNA sequence, whose composition is made up of only 4 canonical ribonucleotides. Hence, among over two thousand human miR, their nucleotide compositions are expected to be similar but the extent of similarity has not been reported. In this study, the sequences of mature human miR were downloaded from miRBase, and collated using different tools to determine and compare their nucleotide compositions and sequences. 55% of all human miR were found to be structural isomers. The structural isomers of miR (SimiR) are defined as having the same size and identical nucleotide composition. A number of SimiR were also found to have high sequence similarities. To investigate the extent of SimiR in biological samples, three disease models were chosen, and disease-associated miR were identified from miR2Disease. Among the disease models, as high as 73% of miR were found to be SimiR. This report provides the missing information about human miR and highlights the challenges on the detection of SimiR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:53:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6b924a5eac84479a65fea40cd088084 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-553X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:53:09Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Non-Coding RNA |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6b924a5eac84479a65fea40cd0880842022-12-22T02:24:01ZengMDPI AGNon-Coding RNA2311-553X2016-12-01241310.3390/ncrna2040013ncrna2040013High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical ChallengesJoseph N. Mwangi0Norman H. L. Chiu1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USAMicroRNA (miR) are short non-coding RNAs known to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, and have been reported as biomarkers for various diseases. miR have also been served as potential drug targets. The identity, functions and detection of a specific miR are determined by its RNA sequence, whose composition is made up of only 4 canonical ribonucleotides. Hence, among over two thousand human miR, their nucleotide compositions are expected to be similar but the extent of similarity has not been reported. In this study, the sequences of mature human miR were downloaded from miRBase, and collated using different tools to determine and compare their nucleotide compositions and sequences. 55% of all human miR were found to be structural isomers. The structural isomers of miR (SimiR) are defined as having the same size and identical nucleotide composition. A number of SimiR were also found to have high sequence similarities. To investigate the extent of SimiR in biological samples, three disease models were chosen, and disease-associated miR were identified from miR2Disease. Among the disease models, as high as 73% of miR were found to be SimiR. This report provides the missing information about human miR and highlights the challenges on the detection of SimiR.http://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/2/4/13microRNAnucleotide compositionisomers |
| spellingShingle | Joseph N. Mwangi Norman H. L. Chiu High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical Challenges Non-Coding RNA microRNA nucleotide composition isomers |
| title | High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical Challenges |
| title_full | High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical Challenges |
| title_fullStr | High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical Challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical Challenges |
| title_short | High Percentage of Isomeric Human MicroRNA and Their Analytical Challenges |
| title_sort | high percentage of isomeric human microrna and their analytical challenges |
| topic | microRNA nucleotide composition isomers |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/2/4/13 |
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