Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral Origins
Understanding the evolution of viral pathogens is critical to being able to define how viruses emerge within different landscapes. Host susceptibility, which is spread between different species and is a contributing factor to the subsequent epidemiology of a disease, is defined by virus detection an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2144 |
| _version_ | 1797508237884391424 |
|---|---|
| author | Mana Mahapatra Richa Pachauri Saravanan Subramaniam Ashley C. Banyard Shanmugam ChandraSekar Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan Felix Njeumi Dhanavelu Muthuchelvan Satya Parida |
| author_facet | Mana Mahapatra Richa Pachauri Saravanan Subramaniam Ashley C. Banyard Shanmugam ChandraSekar Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan Felix Njeumi Dhanavelu Muthuchelvan Satya Parida |
| author_sort | Mana Mahapatra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the evolution of viral pathogens is critical to being able to define how viruses emerge within different landscapes. Host susceptibility, which is spread between different species and is a contributing factor to the subsequent epidemiology of a disease, is defined by virus detection and subsequent characterization. Peste des petits ruminants virus is a plague of small ruminant species that is a considerable burden to the development of sustainable agriculture across Africa and much of Asia. The virus has also had a significant impact on populations of endangered species in recent years, highlighting its significance as a pathogen of high concern across different regions of the globe. Here, we have re-evaluated the molecular evolution of this virus using novel genetic data to try and further resolve the molecular epidemiology of this disease. Viral isolates are genetically characterized into four lineages (I−IV), and the historic origin of these lineages is of considerable interest to the molecular evolution of the virus. Our re-evaluation of viral emergence using novel genome sequences has demonstrated that lineages I, II and IV likely originated in West Africa, in Senegal (I) and Nigeria (II and IV). Lineage III sequences predicted emergence in either East Africa (Ethiopia) or in the Arabian Peninsula (Oman and/or the United Arab Emirates), with a paucity of data precluding a more refined interpretation. Continual refinements of evolutionary emergence, following the generation of new data, is key to both understanding viral evolution from a historic perspective and informing on the ongoing genetic emergence of this virus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:59:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6bb880b2645432ab4cefa9ef2dd15fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:59:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6bb880b2645432ab4cefa9ef2dd15fa2023-11-23T01:55:34ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-10-011311214410.3390/v13112144Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral OriginsMana Mahapatra0Richa Pachauri1Saravanan Subramaniam2Ashley C. Banyard3Shanmugam ChandraSekar4Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan5Felix Njeumi6Dhanavelu Muthuchelvan7Satya Parida8The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, UKDivision of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263 138, IndiaDirectorate of Foot and Mouth Disease, National FMD Seromonitoring Laboratory, IVRI Campus, Bengaluru 560024, IndiaAnimal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UKDivision of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263 138, IndiaDivision of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263 138, IndiaFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, ItalyDivision of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263 138, IndiaThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, UKUnderstanding the evolution of viral pathogens is critical to being able to define how viruses emerge within different landscapes. Host susceptibility, which is spread between different species and is a contributing factor to the subsequent epidemiology of a disease, is defined by virus detection and subsequent characterization. Peste des petits ruminants virus is a plague of small ruminant species that is a considerable burden to the development of sustainable agriculture across Africa and much of Asia. The virus has also had a significant impact on populations of endangered species in recent years, highlighting its significance as a pathogen of high concern across different regions of the globe. Here, we have re-evaluated the molecular evolution of this virus using novel genetic data to try and further resolve the molecular epidemiology of this disease. Viral isolates are genetically characterized into four lineages (I−IV), and the historic origin of these lineages is of considerable interest to the molecular evolution of the virus. Our re-evaluation of viral emergence using novel genome sequences has demonstrated that lineages I, II and IV likely originated in West Africa, in Senegal (I) and Nigeria (II and IV). Lineage III sequences predicted emergence in either East Africa (Ethiopia) or in the Arabian Peninsula (Oman and/or the United Arab Emirates), with a paucity of data precluding a more refined interpretation. Continual refinements of evolutionary emergence, following the generation of new data, is key to both understanding viral evolution from a historic perspective and informing on the ongoing genetic emergence of this virus.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2144peste des petits ruminants virusmolecular epidemiologyevolutionlineage divergencefull genome |
| spellingShingle | Mana Mahapatra Richa Pachauri Saravanan Subramaniam Ashley C. Banyard Shanmugam ChandraSekar Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan Felix Njeumi Dhanavelu Muthuchelvan Satya Parida Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral Origins Viruses peste des petits ruminants virus molecular epidemiology evolution lineage divergence full genome |
| title | Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral Origins |
| title_full | Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral Origins |
| title_fullStr | Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral Origins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral Origins |
| title_short | Ongoing Assessment of the Molecular Evolution of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Continues to Question Viral Origins |
| title_sort | ongoing assessment of the molecular evolution of peste des petits ruminants virus continues to question viral origins |
| topic | peste des petits ruminants virus molecular epidemiology evolution lineage divergence full genome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2144 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT manamahapatra ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT richapachauri ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT saravanansubramaniam ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT ashleycbanyard ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT shanmugamchandrasekar ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT muthannanandavarramakrishnan ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT felixnjeumi ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT dhanavelumuthuchelvan ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins AT satyaparida ongoingassessmentofthemolecularevolutionofpestedespetitsruminantsviruscontinuestoquestionviralorigins |