Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau
The aerosol–cloud interaction over the Tibetan Plateau has been investigated using a cloud-resolving weather research and forecasting model with a two-moment bulk microphysical scheme including aerosol effects on cloud condensation nuclei and ice nuclei. Two types of cumulus clouds with a simila...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/7423/2017/acp-17-7423-2017.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819071020890324992 |
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| author | X. Zhou X. Zhou N. Bei H. Liu J. Cao L. Xing W. Lei L. T. Molina G. Li |
| author_facet | X. Zhou X. Zhou N. Bei H. Liu J. Cao L. Xing W. Lei L. T. Molina G. Li |
| author_sort | X. Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aerosol–cloud interaction over the Tibetan Plateau has been
investigated using a cloud-resolving weather research and forecasting model
with a two-moment bulk microphysical scheme including aerosol effects on
cloud condensation nuclei and ice nuclei. Two types of cumulus clouds with a
similar convective available potential energy, occurring over the Tibetan
Plateau (Cu-TP) and North China Plain (Cu-NCP) in August 2014, are simulated
to explore the response of convective clouds to aerosols. A set of aerosol
profiles is used in the simulations, with the surface aerosol number
concentration varying from 20 to 9000 cm<sup>−3</sup> and the sulfate mass
concentration varying from 0.02 to 9.0 µg cm<sup>−3</sup>. Increasing
aerosol concentrations generally enhances the cloud core updraft and maximum
updraft, intensifying convections in Cu-TP and Cu-NCP. However, the core
updraft is much stronger in Cu-TP than Cu-NCP, because of the early
occurrence of the glaciation process in Cu-TP that is triggered at an
elevation above 4000 m. The precipitation increases steadily with aerosol
concentrations in Cu-NCP, caused by the suppression of the warm rain but
occurrence of efficient mix-phased precipitation due to the reduced cloud droplet size. The
precipitation in Cu-TP also increases with aerosol concentrations, but the
precipitation enhancement is not substantial compared to that in Cu-NCP with
high aerosol concentrations. The aerosol-induced intensification of
convections in Cu-TP not only facilitates the precipitation but also
transports more ice-phase hydrometeors into the upper troposphere to decrease
the precipitation efficiency. Considering the very clean atmosphere over the
Tibetan Plateau, elevated aerosol concentrations can remarkably enhance
convections due to its specific topography, which not only warms the middle
troposphere to influence the Asian summer monsoon but also delivers
hydrometeors into the upper troposphere to allow more water vapor to travel
into the lower stratosphere. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:15:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6bda473b3fb41eb9d5dd82ba7d608a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:15:12Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6bda473b3fb41eb9d5dd82ba7d608a42022-12-21T18:56:18ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242017-06-01177423743410.5194/acp-17-7423-2017Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan PlateauX. Zhou0X. Zhou1N. Bei2H. Liu3J. Cao4L. Xing5W. Lei6L. T. Molina7G. Li8Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, ChinaKey Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, ChinaKey Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, ChinaMolina Center for Energy and the Environment, La Jolla, CA, USAMolina Center for Energy and the Environment, La Jolla, CA, USAKey Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, ChinaThe aerosol–cloud interaction over the Tibetan Plateau has been investigated using a cloud-resolving weather research and forecasting model with a two-moment bulk microphysical scheme including aerosol effects on cloud condensation nuclei and ice nuclei. Two types of cumulus clouds with a similar convective available potential energy, occurring over the Tibetan Plateau (Cu-TP) and North China Plain (Cu-NCP) in August 2014, are simulated to explore the response of convective clouds to aerosols. A set of aerosol profiles is used in the simulations, with the surface aerosol number concentration varying from 20 to 9000 cm<sup>−3</sup> and the sulfate mass concentration varying from 0.02 to 9.0 µg cm<sup>−3</sup>. Increasing aerosol concentrations generally enhances the cloud core updraft and maximum updraft, intensifying convections in Cu-TP and Cu-NCP. However, the core updraft is much stronger in Cu-TP than Cu-NCP, because of the early occurrence of the glaciation process in Cu-TP that is triggered at an elevation above 4000 m. The precipitation increases steadily with aerosol concentrations in Cu-NCP, caused by the suppression of the warm rain but occurrence of efficient mix-phased precipitation due to the reduced cloud droplet size. The precipitation in Cu-TP also increases with aerosol concentrations, but the precipitation enhancement is not substantial compared to that in Cu-NCP with high aerosol concentrations. The aerosol-induced intensification of convections in Cu-TP not only facilitates the precipitation but also transports more ice-phase hydrometeors into the upper troposphere to decrease the precipitation efficiency. Considering the very clean atmosphere over the Tibetan Plateau, elevated aerosol concentrations can remarkably enhance convections due to its specific topography, which not only warms the middle troposphere to influence the Asian summer monsoon but also delivers hydrometeors into the upper troposphere to allow more water vapor to travel into the lower stratosphere.http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/7423/2017/acp-17-7423-2017.pdf |
| spellingShingle | X. Zhou X. Zhou N. Bei H. Liu J. Cao L. Xing W. Lei L. T. Molina G. Li Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_full | Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_fullStr | Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_short | Aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the Tibetan Plateau |
| title_sort | aerosol effects on the development of cumulus clouds over the tibetan plateau |
| url | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/7423/2017/acp-17-7423-2017.pdf |
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