Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected Cells
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic human virus that belongs to the <i>Alphaherpesvirinae</i> subfamily of <i>Herpesviridae</i>. Establishment of its productive infection and progression of disease pathologies depend largely on successful release of virions from t...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/10/2156 |
| _version_ | 1797469669473386496 |
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| author | Pankaj Sharma Divya Kapoor Deepak Shukla |
| author_facet | Pankaj Sharma Divya Kapoor Deepak Shukla |
| author_sort | Pankaj Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic human virus that belongs to the <i>Alphaherpesvirinae</i> subfamily of <i>Herpesviridae</i>. Establishment of its productive infection and progression of disease pathologies depend largely on successful release of virions from the virus-producing cells. HSV-1 is known to exploit many host factors for its release. Recent studies have shown that heparanase (HPSE) is one such host enzyme that is recruited for this purpose. It is an endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate (HS) from the surface of infected cells. HS is a virus attachment coreceptor that is commonly found on cell surfaces as HS proteoglycans e.g., syndecan-1 (SDC-1). The current model suggests that HSV-1 during the late stage of infection upregulates HPSE, which in turn enhances viral release by removing the virus-trapping HS moieties. In addition to its role in directly enabling viral release, HPSE accelerates the shedding of HS-containing ectodomains of SDC-1, which enhances HSV-1 release via a similar mechanism by upregulating CREB3 and COPII proteins. This review outlines the role of HPSE and SDC-1 as newly assigned host factors that facilitate HSV-1 release during a lytic infection cycle. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:24:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6c25e86c572436d85a6167e9ae87638 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:24:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6c25e86c572436d85a6167e9ae876382023-11-24T03:08:25ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-09-011410215610.3390/v14102156Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected CellsPankaj Sharma0Divya Kapoor1Deepak Shukla2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USAHerpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic human virus that belongs to the <i>Alphaherpesvirinae</i> subfamily of <i>Herpesviridae</i>. Establishment of its productive infection and progression of disease pathologies depend largely on successful release of virions from the virus-producing cells. HSV-1 is known to exploit many host factors for its release. Recent studies have shown that heparanase (HPSE) is one such host enzyme that is recruited for this purpose. It is an endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate (HS) from the surface of infected cells. HS is a virus attachment coreceptor that is commonly found on cell surfaces as HS proteoglycans e.g., syndecan-1 (SDC-1). The current model suggests that HSV-1 during the late stage of infection upregulates HPSE, which in turn enhances viral release by removing the virus-trapping HS moieties. In addition to its role in directly enabling viral release, HPSE accelerates the shedding of HS-containing ectodomains of SDC-1, which enhances HSV-1 release via a similar mechanism by upregulating CREB3 and COPII proteins. This review outlines the role of HPSE and SDC-1 as newly assigned host factors that facilitate HSV-1 release during a lytic infection cycle.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/10/2156HSV-1heparanaseheparan sulfatesyndecan-1viral releaseMMPs |
| spellingShingle | Pankaj Sharma Divya Kapoor Deepak Shukla Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected Cells Viruses HSV-1 heparanase heparan sulfate syndecan-1 viral release MMPs |
| title | Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected Cells |
| title_full | Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected Cells |
| title_fullStr | Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected Cells |
| title_short | Role of Heparanase and Syndecan-1 in HSV-1 Release from Infected Cells |
| title_sort | role of heparanase and syndecan 1 in hsv 1 release from infected cells |
| topic | HSV-1 heparanase heparan sulfate syndecan-1 viral release MMPs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/10/2156 |
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