Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> Species
Wood-decaying Basidiomycetes are among the most efficient degraders of plant cell walls, making them key players in forest ecosystems, global carbon cycle, and in bio-based industries. Recent insights from -omics data revealed a high functional diversity of wood-decay strategies, especially among th...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| author | Neha Sahu Zsolt Merényi Balázs Bálint Brigitta Kiss György Sipos Rebecca A. Owens László G. Nagy |
| author_facet | Neha Sahu Zsolt Merényi Balázs Bálint Brigitta Kiss György Sipos Rebecca A. Owens László G. Nagy |
| author_sort | Neha Sahu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wood-decaying Basidiomycetes are among the most efficient degraders of plant cell walls, making them key players in forest ecosystems, global carbon cycle, and in bio-based industries. Recent insights from -omics data revealed a high functional diversity of wood-decay strategies, especially among the traditional white-rot and brown-rot dichotomy. We examined the mechanistic bases of wood-decay in the conifer-specialists <i>Armillaria ostoyae</i> and <i>Armillaria cepistipes</i> using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. <i>Armillaria</i> spp. (Fungi, Basidiomycota) include devastating pathogens of temperate forests and saprotrophs that decay wood. They have been discussed as white-rot species, though their response to wood deviates from typical white-rotters. While we observed an upregulation of a diverse suite of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, unlike white-rotters, they possess and express an atypical wood-decay repertoire in which pectinases and expansins are enriched, whereas lignin-decaying enzymes (LDEs) are generally downregulated. This combination of wood decay genes resembles the soft-rot of Ascomycota and appears widespread among Basidiomycota that produce a superficial white rot-like decay. These observations are consistent with ancestral soft-rot decay machinery conserved across asco- and Basidiomycota, a gain of efficient lignin-degrading ability in white-rot fungi and repeated, complete, or partial losses of LDE encoding gene repertoires in brown- and secondarily soft-rot fungi. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:10:35Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:10:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6ca846fd6c94dc0b5d1527b0ab45c792023-12-03T12:50:09ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-01-019114910.3390/microorganisms9010149Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> SpeciesNeha Sahu0Zsolt Merényi1Balázs Bálint2Brigitta Kiss3György Sipos4Rebecca A. Owens5László G. Nagy6Biological Research Center, Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, 6726 Szeged, HungaryBiological Research Center, Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, 6726 Szeged, HungaryBiological Research Center, Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, 6726 Szeged, HungaryBiological Research Center, Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, 6726 Szeged, HungaryResearch Center for Forestry and Wood Industry, Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, University of Sopron, 9400 Sopron, HungaryDepartment of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Kildare, IrelandBiological Research Center, Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, 6726 Szeged, HungaryWood-decaying Basidiomycetes are among the most efficient degraders of plant cell walls, making them key players in forest ecosystems, global carbon cycle, and in bio-based industries. Recent insights from -omics data revealed a high functional diversity of wood-decay strategies, especially among the traditional white-rot and brown-rot dichotomy. We examined the mechanistic bases of wood-decay in the conifer-specialists <i>Armillaria ostoyae</i> and <i>Armillaria cepistipes</i> using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. <i>Armillaria</i> spp. (Fungi, Basidiomycota) include devastating pathogens of temperate forests and saprotrophs that decay wood. They have been discussed as white-rot species, though their response to wood deviates from typical white-rotters. While we observed an upregulation of a diverse suite of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, unlike white-rotters, they possess and express an atypical wood-decay repertoire in which pectinases and expansins are enriched, whereas lignin-decaying enzymes (LDEs) are generally downregulated. This combination of wood decay genes resembles the soft-rot of Ascomycota and appears widespread among Basidiomycota that produce a superficial white rot-like decay. These observations are consistent with ancestral soft-rot decay machinery conserved across asco- and Basidiomycota, a gain of efficient lignin-degrading ability in white-rot fungi and repeated, complete, or partial losses of LDE encoding gene repertoires in brown- and secondarily soft-rot fungi.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/1/149<i>Armillaria</i> wood-decaybasidiomycete soft-rotplant biomass degradationplant pathogensproteomicsRNA-Seq |
| spellingShingle | Neha Sahu Zsolt Merényi Balázs Bálint Brigitta Kiss György Sipos Rebecca A. Owens László G. Nagy Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> Species Microorganisms <i>Armillaria</i> wood-decay basidiomycete soft-rot plant biomass degradation plant pathogens proteomics RNA-Seq |
| title | Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> Species |
| title_full | Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> Species |
| title_fullStr | Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> Species |
| title_short | Hallmarks of Basidiomycete Soft- and White-Rot in Wood-Decay -Omics Data of Two <i>Armillaria</i> Species |
| title_sort | hallmarks of basidiomycete soft and white rot in wood decay omics data of two i armillaria i species |
| topic | <i>Armillaria</i> wood-decay basidiomycete soft-rot plant biomass degradation plant pathogens proteomics RNA-Seq |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/1/149 |
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