Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs
Deficient levels of milk osteopontin (OPN) in infant formula may partly account for developmental differences between infants fed formula or maternal milk. We hypothesized that a milk diet supplemented with bovine milk OPN improves gut, immunity and brain development and tested this in a preterm pig...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2675 |
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| author | Karoline Aasmul-Olsen Nicole Lind Henriksen Duc Ninh Nguyen Anne Birgitte Heckmann Thomas Thymann Per Torp Sangild Stine Brandt Bering |
| author_facet | Karoline Aasmul-Olsen Nicole Lind Henriksen Duc Ninh Nguyen Anne Birgitte Heckmann Thomas Thymann Per Torp Sangild Stine Brandt Bering |
| author_sort | Karoline Aasmul-Olsen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deficient levels of milk osteopontin (OPN) in infant formula may partly account for developmental differences between infants fed formula or maternal milk. We hypothesized that a milk diet supplemented with bovine milk OPN improves gut, immunity and brain development and tested this in a preterm pig model. Preterm pigs delivered by cesarean section (90% gestation) were fed raw bovine milk (CON, <i>n</i> = 19) or the same diet supplemented with a physiologically relevant dose of OPN (46 mg/(kg·d), <i>n</i> = 16). Endpoints related to clinical outcomes, systemic immunity and neurocognitive development were assessed during the study and gut tissues were collected at Day 19. Growth pattern, early motor development and most systemic immune parameters were similar between OPN and CON pigs. The OPN pigs had higher villus-to-crypt ratios than CON pigs and higher monocyte and lymphocyte counts on Day 8. Gut digestive and absorptive functions and cognitive performance (T-maze test) were similar between OPN and CON pigs. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OPN above basal bovine milk levels induced minor improvements in gut structure and systemic immunity without any effects on cognitive performance. The minimal levels of OPN in infant formula to secure optimal adaptation in the immediate neonatal period remain to be determined. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:31:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6d803c068cd403e9f31944a4ae8c5b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:31:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6d803c068cd403e9f31944a4ae8c5b82023-11-22T09:04:22ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-07-01138267510.3390/nu13082675Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm PigsKaroline Aasmul-Olsen0Nicole Lind Henriksen1Duc Ninh Nguyen2Anne Birgitte Heckmann3Thomas Thymann4Per Torp Sangild5Stine Brandt Bering6Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, DenmarkComparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, DenmarkComparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, DenmarkArla Foods Ingredients Group P/S, Arla Foods Ingredients, 8260 Viby J, DenmarkComparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, DenmarkComparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, DenmarkComparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, DenmarkDeficient levels of milk osteopontin (OPN) in infant formula may partly account for developmental differences between infants fed formula or maternal milk. We hypothesized that a milk diet supplemented with bovine milk OPN improves gut, immunity and brain development and tested this in a preterm pig model. Preterm pigs delivered by cesarean section (90% gestation) were fed raw bovine milk (CON, <i>n</i> = 19) or the same diet supplemented with a physiologically relevant dose of OPN (46 mg/(kg·d), <i>n</i> = 16). Endpoints related to clinical outcomes, systemic immunity and neurocognitive development were assessed during the study and gut tissues were collected at Day 19. Growth pattern, early motor development and most systemic immune parameters were similar between OPN and CON pigs. The OPN pigs had higher villus-to-crypt ratios than CON pigs and higher monocyte and lymphocyte counts on Day 8. Gut digestive and absorptive functions and cognitive performance (T-maze test) were similar between OPN and CON pigs. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OPN above basal bovine milk levels induced minor improvements in gut structure and systemic immunity without any effects on cognitive performance. The minimal levels of OPN in infant formula to secure optimal adaptation in the immediate neonatal period remain to be determined.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2675osteopontinbioactive milk proteinpreterm neonatesintestinal healthsystemic immunitybrain development |
| spellingShingle | Karoline Aasmul-Olsen Nicole Lind Henriksen Duc Ninh Nguyen Anne Birgitte Heckmann Thomas Thymann Per Torp Sangild Stine Brandt Bering Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs Nutrients osteopontin bioactive milk protein preterm neonates intestinal health systemic immunity brain development |
| title | Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs |
| title_full | Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs |
| title_short | Milk Osteopontin for Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs |
| title_sort | milk osteopontin for gut immunity and brain development in preterm pigs |
| topic | osteopontin bioactive milk protein preterm neonates intestinal health systemic immunity brain development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2675 |
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