Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation
Polymeric membranes are widely applied in biomedical applications, including in vitro organ models. In such models, they are mostly used as supports on which cells are cultured to create functional tissue units of the desired organ. To this end, the membrane properties, e.g., morphology and porosity...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/11/330 |
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| author | Thijs Pasman Danielle Baptista Sander van Riet Roman K. Truckenmüller Pieter S. Hiemstra Robbert J. Rottier Dimitrios Stamatialis André A. Poot |
| author_facet | Thijs Pasman Danielle Baptista Sander van Riet Roman K. Truckenmüller Pieter S. Hiemstra Robbert J. Rottier Dimitrios Stamatialis André A. Poot |
| author_sort | Thijs Pasman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polymeric membranes are widely applied in biomedical applications, including in vitro organ models. In such models, they are mostly used as supports on which cells are cultured to create functional tissue units of the desired organ. To this end, the membrane properties, e.g., morphology and porosity, should match the tissue properties. Organ models of dynamic (barrier) tissues, e.g., lung, require flexible, elastic and porous membranes. Thus, membranes based on poly (dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) are often applied, which are flexible and elastic. However, PDMS has low cell adhesive properties and displays small molecule ad- and absorption. Furthermore, the introduction of porosity in these membranes requires elaborate methods. In this work, we aim to develop porous membranes for organ models based on poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC): a flexible polymer with good cell adhesive properties which has been used for tissue engineering scaffolds, but not in in vitro organ models. For developing these membranes, we applied evaporation-induced phase separation (EIPS), a new method in this field based on solvent evaporation initiating phase separation, followed by membrane photo-crosslinking. We optimised various processing variables for obtaining form-stable PTMC membranes with average pore sizes between 5 to 8 µm and water permeance in the microfiltration range (17,000–41,000 L/m<sup>2</sup>/h/bar). Importantly, the membranes are flexible and are suitable for implementation in in vitro organ models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:04:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6dcde99da524bad98a7d4c8eed1b258 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:04:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6dcde99da524bad98a7d4c8eed1b2582023-11-20T19:56:02ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752020-11-01101133010.3390/membranes10110330Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase SeparationThijs Pasman0Danielle Baptista1Sander van Riet2Roman K. Truckenmüller3Pieter S. Hiemstra4Robbert J. Rottier5Dimitrios Stamatialis6André A. Poot7Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Technical Medical (TechMed) Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Technical Medical (TechMed) Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Technical Medical (TechMed) Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The NetherlandsPolymeric membranes are widely applied in biomedical applications, including in vitro organ models. In such models, they are mostly used as supports on which cells are cultured to create functional tissue units of the desired organ. To this end, the membrane properties, e.g., morphology and porosity, should match the tissue properties. Organ models of dynamic (barrier) tissues, e.g., lung, require flexible, elastic and porous membranes. Thus, membranes based on poly (dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) are often applied, which are flexible and elastic. However, PDMS has low cell adhesive properties and displays small molecule ad- and absorption. Furthermore, the introduction of porosity in these membranes requires elaborate methods. In this work, we aim to develop porous membranes for organ models based on poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC): a flexible polymer with good cell adhesive properties which has been used for tissue engineering scaffolds, but not in in vitro organ models. For developing these membranes, we applied evaporation-induced phase separation (EIPS), a new method in this field based on solvent evaporation initiating phase separation, followed by membrane photo-crosslinking. We optimised various processing variables for obtaining form-stable PTMC membranes with average pore sizes between 5 to 8 µm and water permeance in the microfiltration range (17,000–41,000 L/m<sup>2</sup>/h/bar). Importantly, the membranes are flexible and are suitable for implementation in in vitro organ models.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/11/330membranespoly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC)evaporation-induced phase separation (EIPS)photo-crosslinkingin vitro organ models |
| spellingShingle | Thijs Pasman Danielle Baptista Sander van Riet Roman K. Truckenmüller Pieter S. Hiemstra Robbert J. Rottier Dimitrios Stamatialis André A. Poot Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation Membranes membranes poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) evaporation-induced phase separation (EIPS) photo-crosslinking in vitro organ models |
| title | Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation |
| title_full | Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation |
| title_fullStr | Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation |
| title_short | Development of Porous and Flexible PTMC Membranes for In Vitro Organ Models Fabricated by Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation |
| title_sort | development of porous and flexible ptmc membranes for in vitro organ models fabricated by evaporation induced phase separation |
| topic | membranes poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) evaporation-induced phase separation (EIPS) photo-crosslinking in vitro organ models |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/11/330 |
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