Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake Watershed
Maoli Lake is the water source for local residents and a national nature protected area. However, due to intensive agriculture development, the water quality has deteriorated over the past decades. An effective measure to improve water quality is to control the agricultural non-point source (NPS) po...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/11/1536 |
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| author | Yumei Zheng Guangchun Lei Peng Yu |
| author_facet | Yumei Zheng Guangchun Lei Peng Yu |
| author_sort | Yumei Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maoli Lake is the water source for local residents and a national nature protected area. However, due to intensive agriculture development, the water quality has deteriorated over the past decades. An effective measure to improve water quality is to control the agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution through elaborate schemes based on eco-compensation. In order to develop such eco-compensation schemes, three scenarios of agricultural activity adjustment were designed: S1 (halving fertilization every year), S2 (fallow every other year), and S3 (returning agricultural land to forest). A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was adopted to simulate runoff, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Based on SWAT results, a multi-criteria spatial evaluation model considering the environmental, economic, and social effects of eco-compensation was created for best scenario decision. The results reveal the following: (1) the total nutrients loss of agricultural land reduces in all scenarios, but S2 has more reduction compared to S1 and S3; (2) from the comprehensive perspective of environment–economy–society effects, S2 is the best scenario for rice land and dry land; (3) the comprehensive effect of eco-compensation at the grid scale has a significant spatial difference, and therefore, we highlight the necessity and significance of controlling agricultural NPS pollution by eco-compensation on a precise spatial scale. This study can broaden the application field of the SWAT model and provide a scientific basis and experience for the evaluation and spatial design of agriculture eco-compensation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:54:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6dd4fe0747a496aa7b99535f365337b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:54:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6dd4fe0747a496aa7b99535f365337b2023-11-21T22:04:10ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-05-011311153610.3390/w13111536Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake WatershedYumei Zheng0Guangchun Lei1Peng Yu2School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaAcademy of Engineering Innovation, China Construction Fifth Engineering Division Corporation Limited, Changsha 410004, ChinaMaoli Lake is the water source for local residents and a national nature protected area. However, due to intensive agriculture development, the water quality has deteriorated over the past decades. An effective measure to improve water quality is to control the agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution through elaborate schemes based on eco-compensation. In order to develop such eco-compensation schemes, three scenarios of agricultural activity adjustment were designed: S1 (halving fertilization every year), S2 (fallow every other year), and S3 (returning agricultural land to forest). A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was adopted to simulate runoff, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Based on SWAT results, a multi-criteria spatial evaluation model considering the environmental, economic, and social effects of eco-compensation was created for best scenario decision. The results reveal the following: (1) the total nutrients loss of agricultural land reduces in all scenarios, but S2 has more reduction compared to S1 and S3; (2) from the comprehensive perspective of environment–economy–society effects, S2 is the best scenario for rice land and dry land; (3) the comprehensive effect of eco-compensation at the grid scale has a significant spatial difference, and therefore, we highlight the necessity and significance of controlling agricultural NPS pollution by eco-compensation on a precise spatial scale. This study can broaden the application field of the SWAT model and provide a scientific basis and experience for the evaluation and spatial design of agriculture eco-compensation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/11/1536eco-compensationSWATnon-point pollutionlake watershedscenarios simulationmulti-criteria spatial evaluation |
| spellingShingle | Yumei Zheng Guangchun Lei Peng Yu Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake Watershed Water eco-compensation SWAT non-point pollution lake watershed scenarios simulation multi-criteria spatial evaluation |
| title | Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake Watershed |
| title_full | Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake Watershed |
| title_fullStr | Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake Watershed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake Watershed |
| title_short | Eco-Compensation Schemes for Controlling Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in Maoli Lake Watershed |
| title_sort | eco compensation schemes for controlling agricultural non point source pollution in maoli lake watershed |
| topic | eco-compensation SWAT non-point pollution lake watershed scenarios simulation multi-criteria spatial evaluation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/11/1536 |
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