Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium Toxicity
Cadmium (Cd) metal toxicity is a crucial ecological matter that requires immediate efforts to mitigate it. <i>Brassica juncea</i> plants were exposed to Cd (0 and 200 µM as CdSO<sub>4</sub>) and foliar application of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) (0, 10<sup>−7</sup> an...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1487 |
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| author | Pravej Alam Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli Thamer Al Balawi Fahad H. Altalayan Prawez Alam Muhammad Ashraf Renu Bhardwaj Parvaiz Ahmad |
| author_facet | Pravej Alam Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli Thamer Al Balawi Fahad H. Altalayan Prawez Alam Muhammad Ashraf Renu Bhardwaj Parvaiz Ahmad |
| author_sort | Pravej Alam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cadmium (Cd) metal toxicity is a crucial ecological matter that requires immediate efforts to mitigate it. <i>Brassica juncea</i> plants were exposed to Cd (0 and 200 µM as CdSO<sub>4</sub>) and foliar application of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) (0, 10<sup>−7</sup> and 10<sup>−5</sup> M). The toxic effect of Cd was evident in terms of declined growth and biomass yield, lowered levels of pigment content and chlorophyll fluorescence, and reduction in gas exchange attributes. The levels of proline and glycinebetaine increased in response to Cd treatment. There was an imperative rise in the contents of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde as well as electrolyte leakage in the Cd-stressed plants. With the application of EBR, there was a significant replenishment in growth attributes and photosynthetic efficacy. The contents of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and malondialdehyde as well as electrolyte leakage were reduced by the hormone supplementation. Enhancement in the contents of glutathione and ascorbic acid, and the activities of enzymes of the antioxidative defense system and glyoxalase system was recorded in response to Cd as well as hormone treatment. The in situ levels of Cd in roots and shoot were augmented in response to Cd treatment, but were found to be lowered by the EBR application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:05:38Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:05:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6e537c283e146a686bf5a4b0a4e0c5d2023-11-20T19:48:04ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-11-01911148710.3390/plants9111487Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium ToxicityPravej Alam0Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli1Thamer Al Balawi2Fahad H. Altalayan3Prawez Alam4Muhammad Ashraf5Renu Bhardwaj6Parvaiz Ahmad7Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaPlant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 43005, IndiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanPlant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 43005, IndiaBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaCadmium (Cd) metal toxicity is a crucial ecological matter that requires immediate efforts to mitigate it. <i>Brassica juncea</i> plants were exposed to Cd (0 and 200 µM as CdSO<sub>4</sub>) and foliar application of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) (0, 10<sup>−7</sup> and 10<sup>−5</sup> M). The toxic effect of Cd was evident in terms of declined growth and biomass yield, lowered levels of pigment content and chlorophyll fluorescence, and reduction in gas exchange attributes. The levels of proline and glycinebetaine increased in response to Cd treatment. There was an imperative rise in the contents of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde as well as electrolyte leakage in the Cd-stressed plants. With the application of EBR, there was a significant replenishment in growth attributes and photosynthetic efficacy. The contents of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and malondialdehyde as well as electrolyte leakage were reduced by the hormone supplementation. Enhancement in the contents of glutathione and ascorbic acid, and the activities of enzymes of the antioxidative defense system and glyoxalase system was recorded in response to Cd as well as hormone treatment. The in situ levels of Cd in roots and shoot were augmented in response to Cd treatment, but were found to be lowered by the EBR application.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1487cadmium24-Epibrassinolideantioxidant enzymesosmoprotectantsmalondialdehydetranspiration rate |
| spellingShingle | Pravej Alam Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli Thamer Al Balawi Fahad H. Altalayan Prawez Alam Muhammad Ashraf Renu Bhardwaj Parvaiz Ahmad Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium Toxicity Plants cadmium 24-Epibrassinolide antioxidant enzymes osmoprotectants malondialdehyde transpiration rate |
| title | Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium Toxicity |
| title_full | Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium Toxicity |
| title_fullStr | Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium Toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium Toxicity |
| title_short | Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Improves Growth, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle, and Glyoxalase System in Brown Mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern.) under Cadmium Toxicity |
| title_sort | foliar application of 24 epibrassinolide improves growth ascorbate glutathione cycle and glyoxalase system in brown mustard i brassica juncea i l czern under cadmium toxicity |
| topic | cadmium 24-Epibrassinolide antioxidant enzymes osmoprotectants malondialdehyde transpiration rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1487 |
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