Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania
Abstract Background It is often assumed that the population dynamics of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus, its role in malaria transmission and the way it responds to interventions are similar to the more elaborately characterized Anopheles gambiae. However, An. funestus has several unique ecolo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04189-4 |
| _version_ | 1818202714558955520 |
|---|---|
| author | Halfan S. Ngowo Fredros O. Okumu Emmanuel E. Hape Issa H. Mshani Heather M. Ferguson Jason Matthiopoulos |
| author_facet | Halfan S. Ngowo Fredros O. Okumu Emmanuel E. Hape Issa H. Mshani Heather M. Ferguson Jason Matthiopoulos |
| author_sort | Halfan S. Ngowo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background It is often assumed that the population dynamics of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus, its role in malaria transmission and the way it responds to interventions are similar to the more elaborately characterized Anopheles gambiae. However, An. funestus has several unique ecological features that could generate distinct transmission dynamics and responsiveness to interventions. The objectives of this work were to develop a model which will: (1) reconstruct the population dynamics, survival, and fecundity of wild An. funestus populations in southern Tanzania, (2) quantify impacts of density dependence on the dynamics, and (3) assess seasonal fluctuations in An. funestus demography. Through quantifying the population dynamics of An. funestus, this model will enable analysis of how their stability and response to interventions may differ from that of An. gambiae sensu lato. Methods A Bayesian State Space Model (SSM) based on mosquito life history was fit to time series data on the abundance of female An. funestus sensu stricto collected over 2 years in southern Tanzania. Prior values of fitness and demography were incorporated from empirical data on larval development, adult survival and fecundity from laboratory-reared first generation progeny of wild caught An. funestus. The model was structured to allow larval and adult fitness traits to vary seasonally in response to environmental covariates (i.e. temperature and rainfall), and for density dependency in larvae. The effects of density dependence and seasonality were measured through counterfactual examination of model fit with or without these covariates. Results The model accurately reconstructed the seasonal population dynamics of An. funestus and generated biologically-plausible values of their survival larval, development and fecundity in the wild. This model suggests that An. funestus survival and fecundity annual pattern was highly variable across the year, but did not show consistent seasonal trends either rainfall or temperature. While the model fit was somewhat improved by inclusion of density dependence, this was a relatively minor effect and suggests that this process is not as important for An. funestus as it is for An. gambiae populations. Conclusion The model's ability to accurately reconstruct the dynamics and demography of An. funestus could potentially be useful in simulating the response of these populations to vector control techniques deployed separately or in combination. The observed and simulated dynamics also suggests that An. funestus could be playing a role in year-round malaria transmission, with any apparent seasonality attributed to other vector species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T03:13:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6e96a1f95464001a8b2cb02af82ab56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T03:13:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6e96a1f95464001a8b2cb02af82ab562022-12-22T00:40:20ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752022-06-0121111710.1186/s12936-022-04189-4Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural TanzaniaHalfan S. Ngowo0Fredros O. Okumu1Emmanuel E. Hape2Issa H. Mshani3Heather M. Ferguson4Jason Matthiopoulos5Department of Environmental Health & Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health InstituteDepartment of Environmental Health & Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health InstituteDepartment of Environmental Health & Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health InstituteDepartment of Environmental Health & Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health InstituteDepartment of Environmental Health & Ecological Sciences, Ifakara Health InstituteInstitute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of GlasgowAbstract Background It is often assumed that the population dynamics of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus, its role in malaria transmission and the way it responds to interventions are similar to the more elaborately characterized Anopheles gambiae. However, An. funestus has several unique ecological features that could generate distinct transmission dynamics and responsiveness to interventions. The objectives of this work were to develop a model which will: (1) reconstruct the population dynamics, survival, and fecundity of wild An. funestus populations in southern Tanzania, (2) quantify impacts of density dependence on the dynamics, and (3) assess seasonal fluctuations in An. funestus demography. Through quantifying the population dynamics of An. funestus, this model will enable analysis of how their stability and response to interventions may differ from that of An. gambiae sensu lato. Methods A Bayesian State Space Model (SSM) based on mosquito life history was fit to time series data on the abundance of female An. funestus sensu stricto collected over 2 years in southern Tanzania. Prior values of fitness and demography were incorporated from empirical data on larval development, adult survival and fecundity from laboratory-reared first generation progeny of wild caught An. funestus. The model was structured to allow larval and adult fitness traits to vary seasonally in response to environmental covariates (i.e. temperature and rainfall), and for density dependency in larvae. The effects of density dependence and seasonality were measured through counterfactual examination of model fit with or without these covariates. Results The model accurately reconstructed the seasonal population dynamics of An. funestus and generated biologically-plausible values of their survival larval, development and fecundity in the wild. This model suggests that An. funestus survival and fecundity annual pattern was highly variable across the year, but did not show consistent seasonal trends either rainfall or temperature. While the model fit was somewhat improved by inclusion of density dependence, this was a relatively minor effect and suggests that this process is not as important for An. funestus as it is for An. gambiae populations. Conclusion The model's ability to accurately reconstruct the dynamics and demography of An. funestus could potentially be useful in simulating the response of these populations to vector control techniques deployed separately or in combination. The observed and simulated dynamics also suggests that An. funestus could be playing a role in year-round malaria transmission, with any apparent seasonality attributed to other vector species.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04189-4Anopheles funestusState space modelPopulation dynamicSeasonalityAbundanceDensity dependence |
| spellingShingle | Halfan S. Ngowo Fredros O. Okumu Emmanuel E. Hape Issa H. Mshani Heather M. Ferguson Jason Matthiopoulos Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania Malaria Journal Anopheles funestus State space model Population dynamic Seasonality Abundance Density dependence |
| title | Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania |
| title_full | Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania |
| title_fullStr | Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania |
| title_short | Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania |
| title_sort | using bayesian state space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector anopheles funestus in rural tanzania |
| topic | Anopheles funestus State space model Population dynamic Seasonality Abundance Density dependence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04189-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT halfansngowo usingbayesianstatespacemodelstounderstandthepopulationdynamicsofthedominantmalariavectoranophelesfunestusinruraltanzania AT fredrosookumu usingbayesianstatespacemodelstounderstandthepopulationdynamicsofthedominantmalariavectoranophelesfunestusinruraltanzania AT emmanuelehape usingbayesianstatespacemodelstounderstandthepopulationdynamicsofthedominantmalariavectoranophelesfunestusinruraltanzania AT issahmshani usingbayesianstatespacemodelstounderstandthepopulationdynamicsofthedominantmalariavectoranophelesfunestusinruraltanzania AT heathermferguson usingbayesianstatespacemodelstounderstandthepopulationdynamicsofthedominantmalariavectoranophelesfunestusinruraltanzania AT jasonmatthiopoulos usingbayesianstatespacemodelstounderstandthepopulationdynamicsofthedominantmalariavectoranophelesfunestusinruraltanzania |