Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam (EPS/XPS) was developed. The EPS/XPS samples were ultrasonically extracted with acetone and the extracts were purified by filtration thro...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/23/7143 |
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| author | Tianao Mao Haoyang Wang Zheng Peng Taotao Ni Tianqi Jia Rongrong Lei Wenbin Liu |
| author_facet | Tianao Mao Haoyang Wang Zheng Peng Taotao Ni Tianqi Jia Rongrong Lei Wenbin Liu |
| author_sort | Tianao Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam (EPS/XPS) was developed. The EPS/XPS samples were ultrasonically extracted with acetone and the extracts were purified by filtration through a microporous membrane (0.22 μm) and solid-phase extraction. The samples were analyzed using a GC/MS using the selected ion monitoring mode. The ions 157, 319 and 401 were selected as the qualitative ions, while ion 239 was chosen as the quantitative ion. An HBCD standard working solution with a concentration range of 1.0–50.0 mg/L showed good linearity. The detection limit of HBCD was 0.5 mg/kg, meeting the LPC limit (<100 or 1000 mg/kg). Six laboratories were selected to verify the accuracy of the method, and 10 samples were tested. The interlaboratory relative standard deviation range was 3.68–9.80%. This method could play an important role in controlling HBCD contamination in EPS/XPS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:48:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6edae5a509d44efbb9c28917245a5a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:48:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6edae5a509d44efbb9c28917245a5a22023-11-23T02:48:07ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-11-012623714310.3390/molecules26237143Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryTianao Mao0Haoyang Wang1Zheng Peng2Taotao Ni3Tianqi Jia4Rongrong Lei5Wenbin Liu6Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaEnvironmental Protection and Foreign Cooperation and Exchange Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, ChinaEnvironmental Protection and Foreign Cooperation and Exchange Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, ChinaResearch Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaResearch Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaResearch Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaA gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam (EPS/XPS) was developed. The EPS/XPS samples were ultrasonically extracted with acetone and the extracts were purified by filtration through a microporous membrane (0.22 μm) and solid-phase extraction. The samples were analyzed using a GC/MS using the selected ion monitoring mode. The ions 157, 319 and 401 were selected as the qualitative ions, while ion 239 was chosen as the quantitative ion. An HBCD standard working solution with a concentration range of 1.0–50.0 mg/L showed good linearity. The detection limit of HBCD was 0.5 mg/kg, meeting the LPC limit (<100 or 1000 mg/kg). Six laboratories were selected to verify the accuracy of the method, and 10 samples were tested. The interlaboratory relative standard deviation range was 3.68–9.80%. This method could play an important role in controlling HBCD contamination in EPS/XPS.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/23/7143gas chromatography-mass spectrometryHBCDEPSXPSPOPs |
| spellingShingle | Tianao Mao Haoyang Wang Zheng Peng Taotao Ni Tianqi Jia Rongrong Lei Wenbin Liu Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Molecules gas chromatography-mass spectrometry HBCD EPS XPS POPs |
| title | Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full | Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_short | Determination of Hexabromocyclododecane in Expanded Polystyrene and Extruded Polystyrene Foam by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_sort | determination of hexabromocyclododecane in expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam by gas chromatography mass spectrometry |
| topic | gas chromatography-mass spectrometry HBCD EPS XPS POPs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/23/7143 |
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