Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue homeostasis and repair, secreting vesicles to the extracellular environment. Isolated exosomes were shown to affect angiogenesis, immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Numerous efforts have been dedicated to describe the mechanism of action of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.1047094/full |
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| author | Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga Letícia Alves Fernandes Paula Fratini Mari Cleide Sogayar Mari Cleide Sogayar Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira |
| author_facet | Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga Letícia Alves Fernandes Paula Fratini Mari Cleide Sogayar Mari Cleide Sogayar Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira |
| author_sort | Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue homeostasis and repair, secreting vesicles to the extracellular environment. Isolated exosomes were shown to affect angiogenesis, immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Numerous efforts have been dedicated to describe the mechanism of action of these extracellular vesicles (EVs) and guarantee their safety, since the final aim is their therapeutic application in the clinic. The major advantage of applying MSC-derived EVs is their low or inexistent immunogenicity, prompting their use as drug delivery or therapeutic agents, as well as wound healing, different cancer types, and inflammatory processes in the neurological and cardiovascular systems. MSC-derived EVs display no vascular obstruction effects or apparent adverse effects. Their nano-size ensures their passage through the blood–brain barrier, demonstrating no cytotoxic or immunogenic effects. Several in vitro tests have been conducted with EVs obtained from different sources to understand their biology, molecular content, signaling pathways, and mechanisms of action. Application of EVs to human therapies has recently become a reality, with clinical trials being conducted to treat Alzheimer’s disease, retina degeneration, and COVID-19 patients. Herein, we describe and compare the different extracellular vesicles isolation methods and therapeutic applications regarding the tissue repair and regeneration process, presenting the latest clinical trial reports. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:33:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f6f9b8f1d53b4f929cad44ac9aecdc4c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:33:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f6f9b8f1d53b4f929cad44ac9aecdc4c2023-03-01T04:35:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2023-03-011010.3389/fcell.2022.10470941047094Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regenerationBruna Andrade Aguiar Koga0Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga1Letícia Alves Fernandes2Paula Fratini3Mari Cleide Sogayar4Mari Cleide Sogayar5Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira6Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira7Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira8Cell and Molecular Therapy Group (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCell and Molecular Therapy Group (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBiochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCell and Molecular Therapy Group (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCenter for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, São Paulo, BrazilMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for tissue homeostasis and repair, secreting vesicles to the extracellular environment. Isolated exosomes were shown to affect angiogenesis, immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Numerous efforts have been dedicated to describe the mechanism of action of these extracellular vesicles (EVs) and guarantee their safety, since the final aim is their therapeutic application in the clinic. The major advantage of applying MSC-derived EVs is their low or inexistent immunogenicity, prompting their use as drug delivery or therapeutic agents, as well as wound healing, different cancer types, and inflammatory processes in the neurological and cardiovascular systems. MSC-derived EVs display no vascular obstruction effects or apparent adverse effects. Their nano-size ensures their passage through the blood–brain barrier, demonstrating no cytotoxic or immunogenic effects. Several in vitro tests have been conducted with EVs obtained from different sources to understand their biology, molecular content, signaling pathways, and mechanisms of action. Application of EVs to human therapies has recently become a reality, with clinical trials being conducted to treat Alzheimer’s disease, retina degeneration, and COVID-19 patients. Herein, we describe and compare the different extracellular vesicles isolation methods and therapeutic applications regarding the tissue repair and regeneration process, presenting the latest clinical trial reports.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.1047094/fullextracellular microvesiclesexosomestissue regenerationregenerative medicineimmunomodulation |
| spellingShingle | Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga Bruna Andrade Aguiar Koga Letícia Alves Fernandes Paula Fratini Mari Cleide Sogayar Mari Cleide Sogayar Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology extracellular microvesicles exosomes tissue regeneration regenerative medicine immunomodulation |
| title | Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration |
| title_full | Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration |
| title_fullStr | Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration |
| title_short | Role of MSC‐derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration |
| title_sort | role of msc derived small extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regeneration |
| topic | extracellular microvesicles exosomes tissue regeneration regenerative medicine immunomodulation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.1047094/full |
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