Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot Analysis
Scald caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Rhynchosporium commune</i> is a significant foliar disease affecting barley production on a global scale, and it leads to substantial reductions in both yield and quality of barley. In the current study, the reactions of 40 Turkish barley (<i>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/2975 |
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| author | Kadir Akan Ahmet Cat Onur Hocaoglu Mehmet Tekin |
| author_facet | Kadir Akan Ahmet Cat Onur Hocaoglu Mehmet Tekin |
| author_sort | Kadir Akan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Scald caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Rhynchosporium commune</i> is a significant foliar disease affecting barley production on a global scale, and it leads to substantial reductions in both yield and quality of barley. In the current study, the reactions of 40 Turkish barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) varieties to scald were evaluated under natural conditions in Çanakkale and Kırşehir in 2021–2022, and Antalya and Siirt locations in 2022–2023 growing seasons. Field trials were conducted according to randomized block design with three replications in each year; the spore concentration was 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> spores per mL, and it was applied to the varieties three times at different growth stages. The reactions of barley varieties were assessed using a newly designed two-digit scale ranging from 11 to 99. Based on their scale values, the varieties were categorized as immune (0), resistant (11–35), moderately resistant (36–55), moderately susceptible (56–75), and susceptible (76–99). In addition, genotype plus genotype-by-environment (GGE) interactions of scale values were analyzed through GGE Biplot and explained 97.65% of the total variation. The ranking of genotypes based on scale groups generally showed consistency with GGE Biplot results, but GGE Biplot offered a more detailed classification, especially for moderately susceptible varieties. The relationship between the two methods indicated the relative stability of variety reactions, as GGE Biplot analysis also considered genotype stability. In conclusion, the use of the newly developed scale for evaluating scald reactions in barley gives reliable results. In addition, identified resistant varieties can serve as valuable genetic resources for further breeding studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:05:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f702c12b5fa7427aa0469ade02134f58 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:05:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-f702c12b5fa7427aa0469ade02134f582023-12-22T13:46:31ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-12-011312297510.3390/agronomy13122975Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot AnalysisKadir Akan0Ahmet Cat1Onur Hocaoglu2Mehmet Tekin3Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, 40100 Kırşehir, TürkiyeDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, TürkiyeDepartment of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, 17020 Çanakkale, TürkiyeDepartment of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07059 Antalya, TürkiyeScald caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Rhynchosporium commune</i> is a significant foliar disease affecting barley production on a global scale, and it leads to substantial reductions in both yield and quality of barley. In the current study, the reactions of 40 Turkish barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) varieties to scald were evaluated under natural conditions in Çanakkale and Kırşehir in 2021–2022, and Antalya and Siirt locations in 2022–2023 growing seasons. Field trials were conducted according to randomized block design with three replications in each year; the spore concentration was 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> spores per mL, and it was applied to the varieties three times at different growth stages. The reactions of barley varieties were assessed using a newly designed two-digit scale ranging from 11 to 99. Based on their scale values, the varieties were categorized as immune (0), resistant (11–35), moderately resistant (36–55), moderately susceptible (56–75), and susceptible (76–99). In addition, genotype plus genotype-by-environment (GGE) interactions of scale values were analyzed through GGE Biplot and explained 97.65% of the total variation. The ranking of genotypes based on scale groups generally showed consistency with GGE Biplot results, but GGE Biplot offered a more detailed classification, especially for moderately susceptible varieties. The relationship between the two methods indicated the relative stability of variety reactions, as GGE Biplot analysis also considered genotype stability. In conclusion, the use of the newly developed scale for evaluating scald reactions in barley gives reliable results. In addition, identified resistant varieties can serve as valuable genetic resources for further breeding studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/2975barleyscald<i>Rhynchosporium commune</i>disease reactionGGE Biplot |
| spellingShingle | Kadir Akan Ahmet Cat Onur Hocaoglu Mehmet Tekin Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot Analysis Agronomy barley scald <i>Rhynchosporium commune</i> disease reaction GGE Biplot |
| title | Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot Analysis |
| title_full | Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot Analysis |
| title_short | Evaluating Scald Reactions of Some Turkish Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.) Varieties Using GGE Biplot Analysis |
| title_sort | evaluating scald reactions of some turkish barley i hordeum vulgare i l varieties using gge biplot analysis |
| topic | barley scald <i>Rhynchosporium commune</i> disease reaction GGE Biplot |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/2975 |
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