Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia
Equid herpesvirus (EHV) is a contagious viral disease affecting horses, causing illness characterized by respiratory symptoms, abortion and neurological disorders. It is common worldwide and causes severe economic losses to the equine industry. The present study was aimed at investigating the incide...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/9/1016 |
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| author | Chaima Badr Oussama Souiai Marwa Arbi Imen El Behi Mohamed S. Essaied Ines Khosrof Alia Benkahla Ahmed Chabchoub Abdeljelil Ghram |
| author_facet | Chaima Badr Oussama Souiai Marwa Arbi Imen El Behi Mohamed S. Essaied Ines Khosrof Alia Benkahla Ahmed Chabchoub Abdeljelil Ghram |
| author_sort | Chaima Badr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Equid herpesvirus (EHV) is a contagious viral disease affecting horses, causing illness characterized by respiratory symptoms, abortion and neurological disorders. It is common worldwide and causes severe economic losses to the equine industry. The present study was aimed at investigating the incidence of EHVs, the genetic characterization of Tunisian isolates and a spatiotemporal study, using 298 collected samples from diseased and clinically healthy horses. The global incidence of EHV infection was found to be about 71.81%. EHV2 and EHV5 were detected in 146 (48.99%) and 159 (53.35%) sampled horses, respectively. EHV1 was detected in 11 samples (3.69%); EHV4 was not detected. Co-infections with EHV1-EHV2, EHV1-EHV5 and EHV2-EHV5 were observed in 0.33%, 1.34% and 31.54% of tested horses, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses showed that gB of EHV2 and EHV5 displays high genetic diversity with a nucleotide sequence identity ranging from 88 to 100% for EHV2 and 97.5 to 100% for EHV5. Phylogeography suggested Iceland and USA as the most likely countries of origin of the Tunisian EHV2 and EHV5 isolates. These viruses detected in Tunisia seemed to be introduced in the 2000s. This first epidemiological and phylogeographic study is important for better knowledge of the evolution of equid herpesvirus infections in Tunisia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:53:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f708a90471d046028d9421fb504d4baf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:53:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-f708a90471d046028d9421fb504d4baf2023-11-23T18:16:01ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-09-01119101610.3390/pathogens11091016Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in TunisiaChaima Badr0Oussama Souiai1Marwa Arbi2Imen El Behi3Mohamed S. Essaied4Ines Khosrof5Alia Benkahla6Ahmed Chabchoub7Abdeljelil Ghram8Laboratory of Epidemiology and Microbiology Veterinary (LR19IPT03), Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, TunisiaLaboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR16IPT09), Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, TunisiaLaboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR16IPT09), Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, TunisiaLaboratory of Epidemiology and Microbiology Veterinary (LR19IPT03), Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, TunisiaNational School of Veterinary Medicine, Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, La Manouba 2010, TunisiaNational School of Veterinary Medicine, Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, La Manouba 2010, TunisiaLaboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR16IPT09), Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, TunisiaNational School of Veterinary Medicine, Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, La Manouba 2010, TunisiaLaboratory of Epidemiology and Microbiology Veterinary (LR19IPT03), Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, TunisiaEquid herpesvirus (EHV) is a contagious viral disease affecting horses, causing illness characterized by respiratory symptoms, abortion and neurological disorders. It is common worldwide and causes severe economic losses to the equine industry. The present study was aimed at investigating the incidence of EHVs, the genetic characterization of Tunisian isolates and a spatiotemporal study, using 298 collected samples from diseased and clinically healthy horses. The global incidence of EHV infection was found to be about 71.81%. EHV2 and EHV5 were detected in 146 (48.99%) and 159 (53.35%) sampled horses, respectively. EHV1 was detected in 11 samples (3.69%); EHV4 was not detected. Co-infections with EHV1-EHV2, EHV1-EHV5 and EHV2-EHV5 were observed in 0.33%, 1.34% and 31.54% of tested horses, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses showed that gB of EHV2 and EHV5 displays high genetic diversity with a nucleotide sequence identity ranging from 88 to 100% for EHV2 and 97.5 to 100% for EHV5. Phylogeography suggested Iceland and USA as the most likely countries of origin of the Tunisian EHV2 and EHV5 isolates. These viruses detected in Tunisia seemed to be introduced in the 2000s. This first epidemiological and phylogeographic study is important for better knowledge of the evolution of equid herpesvirus infections in Tunisia.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/9/1016equineherpesvirusEHV1EHV2EHV5gB |
| spellingShingle | Chaima Badr Oussama Souiai Marwa Arbi Imen El Behi Mohamed S. Essaied Ines Khosrof Alia Benkahla Ahmed Chabchoub Abdeljelil Ghram Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia Pathogens equine herpesvirus EHV1 EHV2 EHV5 gB |
| title | Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia |
| title_full | Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia |
| title_short | Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia |
| title_sort | epidemiological and phylogeographic study of equid herpesviruses in tunisia |
| topic | equine herpesvirus EHV1 EHV2 EHV5 gB |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/9/1016 |
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