Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>One important goal of strengthening and renewal in primary healthcare (PHC) is achieving health equity, particularly for vulnerable populations. There has been a flurry of international activity toward the establishment of indicato...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2011-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal for Equity in Health |
| Online Access: | http://www.equityhealthj.com/content/10/1/38 |
| _version_ | 1818664988724690944 |
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| author | Smye Victoria Lavoie Josée Varcoe Colleen Browne Annette J Wong Sabrina T Godwin Olive Littlejohn Doreen Tu David |
| author_facet | Smye Victoria Lavoie Josée Varcoe Colleen Browne Annette J Wong Sabrina T Godwin Olive Littlejohn Doreen Tu David |
| author_sort | Smye Victoria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>One important goal of strengthening and renewal in primary healthcare (PHC) is achieving health equity, particularly for vulnerable populations. There has been a flurry of international activity toward the establishment of indicators relevant to measuring and monitoring PHC. Yet, little attention has been paid to whether current indicators: 1) are sensitive enough to detect inequities in processes or outcomes of care, particularly in relation to the health needs of vulnerable groups or 2) adequately capture the complexity of delivering PHC services across diverse groups. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the discourse regarding what ought to be considered a PHC indicator and to provide some concrete examples illustrating the need for modification and development of new indicators given the goal of PHC achieving health equity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Within the context of a larger study of PHC delivery at two Health Centers serving people facing multiple disadvantages, a mixed methods ethnographic design was used. Three sets of data collected included: (a) participant observation data focused on the processes of PHC delivery, (b) interviews with Health Center staff, and (c) interviews with patients.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thematic analysis suggests there is a disjuncture between clinical work addressing the complex needs of patients facing multiple vulnerabilities such as extreme levels of poverty, multiple chronic conditions, and lack of housing and extant indicators and how they are measured. Items could better measure and monitor performance at the management level including, <it>what </it>is delivered (e.g., focus on social determinants of health) and <it>how </it>services are delivered to socially disadvantaged populations (e.g., effective use of space, expectation for all staff to have welcoming and mutually respectful interactions). New indicators must be developed to capture inputs (e.g., stability of funding sources) and outputs (e.g., whole person care) in ways that better align with care provided to marginalized populations.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The current emphasis on achieving greater equity through PHC, the continued calls for the renewal and strengthening of PHC, and the use of monitoring and performance indicators highlight the relevance of ensuring that there are more accurate methods to capture the complex work of PHC organizations.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:41:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f70ac542c0084f3fad9f02c7e6b3ffa6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-9276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:41:29Z |
| publishDate | 2011-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal for Equity in Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-f70ac542c0084f3fad9f02c7e6b3ffa62022-12-21T22:01:26ZengBMCInternational Journal for Equity in Health1475-92762011-09-011013810.1186/1475-9276-10-38Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic studySmye VictoriaLavoie JoséeVarcoe ColleenBrowne Annette JWong Sabrina TGodwin OliveLittlejohn DoreenTu David<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>One important goal of strengthening and renewal in primary healthcare (PHC) is achieving health equity, particularly for vulnerable populations. There has been a flurry of international activity toward the establishment of indicators relevant to measuring and monitoring PHC. Yet, little attention has been paid to whether current indicators: 1) are sensitive enough to detect inequities in processes or outcomes of care, particularly in relation to the health needs of vulnerable groups or 2) adequately capture the complexity of delivering PHC services across diverse groups. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the discourse regarding what ought to be considered a PHC indicator and to provide some concrete examples illustrating the need for modification and development of new indicators given the goal of PHC achieving health equity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Within the context of a larger study of PHC delivery at two Health Centers serving people facing multiple disadvantages, a mixed methods ethnographic design was used. Three sets of data collected included: (a) participant observation data focused on the processes of PHC delivery, (b) interviews with Health Center staff, and (c) interviews with patients.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thematic analysis suggests there is a disjuncture between clinical work addressing the complex needs of patients facing multiple vulnerabilities such as extreme levels of poverty, multiple chronic conditions, and lack of housing and extant indicators and how they are measured. Items could better measure and monitor performance at the management level including, <it>what </it>is delivered (e.g., focus on social determinants of health) and <it>how </it>services are delivered to socially disadvantaged populations (e.g., effective use of space, expectation for all staff to have welcoming and mutually respectful interactions). New indicators must be developed to capture inputs (e.g., stability of funding sources) and outputs (e.g., whole person care) in ways that better align with care provided to marginalized populations.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The current emphasis on achieving greater equity through PHC, the continued calls for the renewal and strengthening of PHC, and the use of monitoring and performance indicators highlight the relevance of ensuring that there are more accurate methods to capture the complex work of PHC organizations.</p>http://www.equityhealthj.com/content/10/1/38 |
| spellingShingle | Smye Victoria Lavoie Josée Varcoe Colleen Browne Annette J Wong Sabrina T Godwin Olive Littlejohn Doreen Tu David Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic study International Journal for Equity in Health |
| title | Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic study |
| title_full | Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic study |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic study |
| title_short | Enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens: An ethnographic study |
| title_sort | enhancing measurement of primary health care indicators using an equity lens an ethnographic study |
| url | http://www.equityhealthj.com/content/10/1/38 |
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