State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas
2022 marked the third consecutive La Niña and extended the longest consecutive stretch of negative Oceanic Niño Index since 1998-2001. While physical and biological conditions in winter and spring largely adhered to prior La Niña conditions, summer and fall were very different. Similar to past La Ni...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1294011/full |
| _version_ | 1797319455437488128 |
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| author | Andrew R. Thompson Rasmus Swalethorp Michaela Alksne Jarrod A. Santora Elliott L. Hazen Andrew Leising Erin Satterthwaite Erin Satterthwaite William J. Sydeman Clarissa R. Anderson Toby D. Auth Simone Baumann-Pickering Timothy Baumgardner Eric P. Bjorkstedt Eric P. Bjorkstedt Steven J. Bograd Noelle M. Bowlin Brian J. Burke Elizabeth A. Daly Heidi Dewar John C. Field Jennifer L. Fisher Newell Garfield Ashlyn Gidding Ralf Goericke Richard Golightly Eliana Gómez-Ocampo Jose Gomez-Valdes John A. Hildebrand Kym C. Jacobson Michael G. Jacox Michael G. Jacox Jaime Jahncke Michael Johns Joshua M. Jones Bertha Lavaniegos Nate Mantua Gerard J. McChesney Megan E. Medina Sharon R. Melin Luis Erasmo Miranda Cheryl A. Morgan Catherine F. Nickels Catherine F. Nickels Rachael A. Orben Jessica M. Porquez Antonella Preti Antonella Preti Roxanne R. Robertson Daniel L. Rudnick Keith M. Sakuma Carley R. Schacter Isaac D. Schroeder Lauren Scopel Owyn E. Snodgrass Sarah Ann Thompson Pete Warzybok Katherine Whitaker William Watson Edward D. Weber Brian Wells Brian Wells |
| author_facet | Andrew R. Thompson Rasmus Swalethorp Michaela Alksne Jarrod A. Santora Elliott L. Hazen Andrew Leising Erin Satterthwaite Erin Satterthwaite William J. Sydeman Clarissa R. Anderson Toby D. Auth Simone Baumann-Pickering Timothy Baumgardner Eric P. Bjorkstedt Eric P. Bjorkstedt Steven J. Bograd Noelle M. Bowlin Brian J. Burke Elizabeth A. Daly Heidi Dewar John C. Field Jennifer L. Fisher Newell Garfield Ashlyn Gidding Ralf Goericke Richard Golightly Eliana Gómez-Ocampo Jose Gomez-Valdes John A. Hildebrand Kym C. Jacobson Michael G. Jacox Michael G. Jacox Jaime Jahncke Michael Johns Joshua M. Jones Bertha Lavaniegos Nate Mantua Gerard J. McChesney Megan E. Medina Sharon R. Melin Luis Erasmo Miranda Cheryl A. Morgan Catherine F. Nickels Catherine F. Nickels Rachael A. Orben Jessica M. Porquez Antonella Preti Antonella Preti Roxanne R. Robertson Daniel L. Rudnick Keith M. Sakuma Carley R. Schacter Isaac D. Schroeder Lauren Scopel Owyn E. Snodgrass Sarah Ann Thompson Pete Warzybok Katherine Whitaker William Watson Edward D. Weber Brian Wells Brian Wells |
| author_sort | Andrew R. Thompson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 2022 marked the third consecutive La Niña and extended the longest consecutive stretch of negative Oceanic Niño Index since 1998-2001. While physical and biological conditions in winter and spring largely adhered to prior La Niña conditions, summer and fall were very different. Similar to past La Niña events, in winter and spring coastal upwelling was either average or above average, temperature average or below average, salinity generally above average. In summer and fall, however, upwelling and temperature were generally average or slightly below average, salinity was close to average and chlorophyll a was close to average. Again, as during prior La Niña events, biomass of northern/southern copepods was above/below average off Oregon in winter, and body size of North Pacific krill in northern California was above average in winter. By contrast, later in the year the abundance of northern krill dropped off Oregon while southern copepods increased and body sizes of North Pacific krill fell in northern California. Off Oregon and Washington abundances of market squid and Pacific pompano (indicators of warm, non-typical La Niña conditions) were high. In the 20th century, Northern anchovy recruitment tended to be high during cold conditions, but despite mostly warm conditions from 2015-2021 anchovy populations boomed and remained high in 2022. Resident seabird reproductive success, which tended in the past to increase during productive La Niña conditions was highly variable throughout the system as common murre and pelagic cormorant, experienced complete reproductive failure at Yaquina Head, Oregon while Brandt’s cormorant reproduction was average. At three sampling locations off central California, however, common murre reproduction was close to or above average while both pelagic and Brandt’s cormorant were above average. California sealion reproduction has been above average each year since 2016, and pup weight was also above average in 2022, likely in response not to La Niña or El Niño but continuous high abundance of anchovy. The highly variable and often unpredictable physical and biological conditions in 2022 highlight a growing recognition of disconnects between basin-scale indices and local conditions in the CCE. “July-December 2022 is the biggest outlier from individual “strong” La Niña (events) ever going back to the 50s.” – Nate Mantua |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:07:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f71e0400449d471a8acf0e6cdc8909a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:07:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f71e0400449d471a8acf0e6cdc8909a82024-02-09T05:03:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452024-02-011110.3389/fmars.2024.12940111294011State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La NiñasAndrew R. Thompson0Rasmus Swalethorp1Michaela Alksne2Jarrod A. Santora3Elliott L. Hazen4Andrew Leising5Erin Satterthwaite6Erin Satterthwaite7William J. Sydeman8Clarissa R. Anderson9Toby D. Auth10Simone Baumann-Pickering11Timothy Baumgardner12Eric P. Bjorkstedt13Eric P. Bjorkstedt14Steven J. Bograd15Noelle M. Bowlin16Brian J. Burke17Elizabeth A. Daly18Heidi Dewar19John C. Field20Jennifer L. Fisher21Newell Garfield22Ashlyn Gidding23Ralf Goericke24Richard Golightly25Eliana Gómez-Ocampo26Jose Gomez-Valdes27John A. Hildebrand28Kym C. Jacobson29Michael G. Jacox30Michael G. Jacox31Jaime Jahncke32Michael Johns33Joshua M. Jones34Bertha Lavaniegos35Nate Mantua36Gerard J. McChesney37Megan E. Medina38Sharon R. Melin39Luis Erasmo Miranda40Cheryl A. Morgan41Catherine F. Nickels42Catherine F. Nickels43Rachael A. Orben44Jessica M. Porquez45Antonella Preti46Antonella Preti47Roxanne R. Robertson48Daniel L. Rudnick49Keith M. Sakuma50Carley R. Schacter51Isaac D. Schroeder52Lauren Scopel53Owyn E. Snodgrass54Sarah Ann Thompson55Pete Warzybok56Katherine Whitaker57William Watson58Edward D. Weber59Brian Wells60Brian Wells61Fisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United StatesScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesScripps Acoustic Ecology Lab, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFisheries Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, United StatesEnvironmental Research Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, United StatesEnvironmental Research Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, United StatesScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesCalifornia Sea Grant, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFarallon Institute, Petaluma, CA, United StatesSouthern California Coastal Ocean Observing System, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesPacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United StatesScripps Acoustic Ecology Lab, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States0Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico1Fisheries Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Arcata, CA, United States2Department of Fisheries Biology, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA, United StatesEnvironmental Research Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, United StatesFisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United States3Fish Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA, United States4Fish Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United StatesFisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFisheries Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, United States7Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, United StatesEnvironmental Research Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, United States5Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystem Resources Studies, Oregon State University Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United StatesScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States6Department of Wildlife, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA, United States0Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico0Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico5Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystem Resources Studies, Oregon State University Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United States7Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, United StatesEnvironmental Research Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Monterey, CA, United States8Physical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, United States9Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA, United States9Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA, United States5Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystem Resources Studies, Oregon State University Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United States0Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada, MexicoFisheries Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, United States0U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Fremont, CA, United StatesSouthern California Coastal Ocean Observing System, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States1Marine Mammal Laboratory, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA, United States0Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico4Fish Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United StatesFisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United States2Institute of Marine Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States3Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United States4Cooperative Institute for Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Systems, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA, United StatesFisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United States2Institute of Marine Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States4Cooperative Institute for Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Systems, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA, United States5Climate, Atmospheric Science & Physical Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFisheries Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, United States6Department of Wildlife, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA, United StatesFisheries Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, United States6Department of Wildlife, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA, United StatesFisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFarallon Institute, Petaluma, CA, United States9Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, CA, United StatesScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFisheries Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, United StatesFisheries Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, United States7Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, United States2022 marked the third consecutive La Niña and extended the longest consecutive stretch of negative Oceanic Niño Index since 1998-2001. While physical and biological conditions in winter and spring largely adhered to prior La Niña conditions, summer and fall were very different. Similar to past La Niña events, in winter and spring coastal upwelling was either average or above average, temperature average or below average, salinity generally above average. In summer and fall, however, upwelling and temperature were generally average or slightly below average, salinity was close to average and chlorophyll a was close to average. Again, as during prior La Niña events, biomass of northern/southern copepods was above/below average off Oregon in winter, and body size of North Pacific krill in northern California was above average in winter. By contrast, later in the year the abundance of northern krill dropped off Oregon while southern copepods increased and body sizes of North Pacific krill fell in northern California. Off Oregon and Washington abundances of market squid and Pacific pompano (indicators of warm, non-typical La Niña conditions) were high. In the 20th century, Northern anchovy recruitment tended to be high during cold conditions, but despite mostly warm conditions from 2015-2021 anchovy populations boomed and remained high in 2022. Resident seabird reproductive success, which tended in the past to increase during productive La Niña conditions was highly variable throughout the system as common murre and pelagic cormorant, experienced complete reproductive failure at Yaquina Head, Oregon while Brandt’s cormorant reproduction was average. At three sampling locations off central California, however, common murre reproduction was close to or above average while both pelagic and Brandt’s cormorant were above average. California sealion reproduction has been above average each year since 2016, and pup weight was also above average in 2022, likely in response not to La Niña or El Niño but continuous high abundance of anchovy. The highly variable and often unpredictable physical and biological conditions in 2022 highlight a growing recognition of disconnects between basin-scale indices and local conditions in the CCE. “July-December 2022 is the biggest outlier from individual “strong” La Niña (events) ever going back to the 50s.” – Nate Mantuahttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1294011/fullCalifornia Currentmarine heatwaveLa Niña/El NiñoCalifornia Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigationglobal warming |
| spellingShingle | Andrew R. Thompson Rasmus Swalethorp Michaela Alksne Jarrod A. Santora Elliott L. Hazen Andrew Leising Erin Satterthwaite Erin Satterthwaite William J. Sydeman Clarissa R. Anderson Toby D. Auth Simone Baumann-Pickering Timothy Baumgardner Eric P. Bjorkstedt Eric P. Bjorkstedt Steven J. Bograd Noelle M. Bowlin Brian J. Burke Elizabeth A. Daly Heidi Dewar John C. Field Jennifer L. Fisher Newell Garfield Ashlyn Gidding Ralf Goericke Richard Golightly Eliana Gómez-Ocampo Jose Gomez-Valdes John A. Hildebrand Kym C. Jacobson Michael G. Jacox Michael G. Jacox Jaime Jahncke Michael Johns Joshua M. Jones Bertha Lavaniegos Nate Mantua Gerard J. McChesney Megan E. Medina Sharon R. Melin Luis Erasmo Miranda Cheryl A. Morgan Catherine F. Nickels Catherine F. Nickels Rachael A. Orben Jessica M. Porquez Antonella Preti Antonella Preti Roxanne R. Robertson Daniel L. Rudnick Keith M. Sakuma Carley R. Schacter Isaac D. Schroeder Lauren Scopel Owyn E. Snodgrass Sarah Ann Thompson Pete Warzybok Katherine Whitaker William Watson Edward D. Weber Brian Wells Brian Wells State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas Frontiers in Marine Science California Current marine heatwave La Niña/El Niño California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation global warming |
| title | State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas |
| title_full | State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas |
| title_fullStr | State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas |
| title_full_unstemmed | State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas |
| title_short | State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas |
| title_sort | state of the california current ecosystem report in 2022 a tale of two la ninas |
| topic | California Current marine heatwave La Niña/El Niño California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation global warming |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1294011/full |
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