Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise
Contrast thresholds for discriminating orientation and direction of a drifting, oriented grating are usually similar to contrast detection thresholds, which suggests that the most sensitive detectors are labeled for both orientation and direction (Watson & Robson, 1981). This was found to be tru...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00426/full |
| _version_ | 1818888390418890752 |
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| author | Rémy eAllard Rémy eAllard Rémy eAllard Jocelyn eFaubert Jocelyn eFaubert |
| author_facet | Rémy eAllard Rémy eAllard Rémy eAllard Jocelyn eFaubert Jocelyn eFaubert |
| author_sort | Rémy eAllard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Contrast thresholds for discriminating orientation and direction of a drifting, oriented grating are usually similar to contrast detection thresholds, which suggests that the most sensitive detectors are labeled for both orientation and direction (Watson & Robson, 1981). This was found to be true in noiseless condition, but Arena et al. (2013) recently found that this was not true in localized noise (i.e., noise having the same spatiotemporal window as the target) as thresholds for discriminating direction were higher than for discriminating orientation. They suggested that this could be explained by the fact that there are more neurons selective to orientation than direction. Another possible interpretation is that, unlike contrast thresholds in absence of noise, the most sensitive detectors in localized noise were labeled for orientation, but not for direction. This hypothesis is supported by recent findings showing different processes operating in localized and extended noise (i.e., full-screen, continuously displayed noise, Allard & Cavanagh, 2011). In the current study, we evaluated contrast thresholds for orientation and direction discrimination tasks in noiseless conditions, and in noise that was either spatially localized or extended, and temporally localized or extended. We found similar orientation and direction thresholds in absence of noise and in temporally extended noise, but greater direction thresholds in temporally localized noise. This suggests that in noiseless and temporally extended noise the most sensitive detectors were labeled for both orientation and direction (e.g., direction-selective complex cells), whereas in temporally localized noise the most sensitive detectors were labeled for orientation but not direction (e.g., simple cells). We conclude that to avoid violating the noise-invariant processing assumption, external noise paradigms investigating motion processing should use noise that is temporally extended, not localized. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:52:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f724f6d32fee41aaa183f40679f87f0e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:52:22Z |
| publishDate | 2014-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f724f6d32fee41aaa183f40679f87f0e2022-12-21T20:13:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782014-05-01510.3389/fpsyg.2014.0042682883Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noiseRémy eAllard0Rémy eAllard1Rémy eAllard2Jocelyn eFaubert3Jocelyn eFaubert4INSERMSorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968CNRSUniversité de MontréalNSERC-Essilor Industrial Research ChairContrast thresholds for discriminating orientation and direction of a drifting, oriented grating are usually similar to contrast detection thresholds, which suggests that the most sensitive detectors are labeled for both orientation and direction (Watson & Robson, 1981). This was found to be true in noiseless condition, but Arena et al. (2013) recently found that this was not true in localized noise (i.e., noise having the same spatiotemporal window as the target) as thresholds for discriminating direction were higher than for discriminating orientation. They suggested that this could be explained by the fact that there are more neurons selective to orientation than direction. Another possible interpretation is that, unlike contrast thresholds in absence of noise, the most sensitive detectors in localized noise were labeled for orientation, but not for direction. This hypothesis is supported by recent findings showing different processes operating in localized and extended noise (i.e., full-screen, continuously displayed noise, Allard & Cavanagh, 2011). In the current study, we evaluated contrast thresholds for orientation and direction discrimination tasks in noiseless conditions, and in noise that was either spatially localized or extended, and temporally localized or extended. We found similar orientation and direction thresholds in absence of noise and in temporally extended noise, but greater direction thresholds in temporally localized noise. This suggests that in noiseless and temporally extended noise the most sensitive detectors were labeled for both orientation and direction (e.g., direction-selective complex cells), whereas in temporally localized noise the most sensitive detectors were labeled for orientation but not direction (e.g., simple cells). We conclude that to avoid violating the noise-invariant processing assumption, external noise paradigms investigating motion processing should use noise that is temporally extended, not localized.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00426/fullDiscriminationmotiondetectionExternal noise paradigmExtended noiseLocal noise |
| spellingShingle | Rémy eAllard Rémy eAllard Rémy eAllard Jocelyn eFaubert Jocelyn eFaubert Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise Frontiers in Psychology Discrimination motion detection External noise paradigm Extended noise Local noise |
| title | Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise |
| title_full | Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise |
| title_fullStr | Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise |
| title_full_unstemmed | Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise |
| title_short | Motion processing: The most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise |
| title_sort | motion processing the most sensitive detectors differ in temporally localized and extended noise |
| topic | Discrimination motion detection External noise paradigm Extended noise Local noise |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00426/full |
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