Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
Hypertension is the most common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children, having a strong association with subsequential cardiovascular disease (CVD). In pediatric CKD, a considerable percentage of children with hypertension are undiagnosed or undertreated. Prior research has evaluat...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Children |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/11/1650 |
| _version_ | 1797468751362260992 |
|---|---|
| author | You-Lin Tain Chien-Ning Hsu |
| author_facet | You-Lin Tain Chien-Ning Hsu |
| author_sort | You-Lin Tain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hypertension is the most common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children, having a strong association with subsequential cardiovascular disease (CVD). In pediatric CKD, a considerable percentage of children with hypertension are undiagnosed or undertreated. Prior research has evaluated structural and functional markers of subclinical CVD and biomarkers in adults with CKD, while ideal biomarkers in pediatrics are still insufficiently studied. The ultimate goal of this review is to summarize what is currently known about state of hypertension, cardiovascular risk factors, and potential CVD markers/biomarkers in children with pre-dialysis CKD. We discuss omics-related biomarkers and the pathophysiologic processes of endothelial dysfunction, kidney injury, oxidative stress and inflammation that are classified by specific biomarkers. Moreover, we illustrate the existing challenges and highlight the paucity of pediatric CKD research to evaluate these CVD biomarkers for future clinical pediatric practice. Thus, achieving clinical utility of CVD biomarkers for use in pediatric CKD remains a significant challenge requiring additional efforts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:10:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f73c5a703c3d4838b2051da073bd76bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:10:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-f73c5a703c3d4838b2051da073bd76bc2023-11-24T04:11:36ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672022-10-01911165010.3390/children9111650Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney DiseaseYou-Lin Tain0Chien-Ning Hsu1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanDepartment of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanHypertension is the most common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children, having a strong association with subsequential cardiovascular disease (CVD). In pediatric CKD, a considerable percentage of children with hypertension are undiagnosed or undertreated. Prior research has evaluated structural and functional markers of subclinical CVD and biomarkers in adults with CKD, while ideal biomarkers in pediatrics are still insufficiently studied. The ultimate goal of this review is to summarize what is currently known about state of hypertension, cardiovascular risk factors, and potential CVD markers/biomarkers in children with pre-dialysis CKD. We discuss omics-related biomarkers and the pathophysiologic processes of endothelial dysfunction, kidney injury, oxidative stress and inflammation that are classified by specific biomarkers. Moreover, we illustrate the existing challenges and highlight the paucity of pediatric CKD research to evaluate these CVD biomarkers for future clinical pediatric practice. Thus, achieving clinical utility of CVD biomarkers for use in pediatric CKD remains a significant challenge requiring additional efforts.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/11/1650cardiovascular diseasebiomarkershypertensionchronic kidney diseasechildrencongenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract |
| spellingShingle | You-Lin Tain Chien-Ning Hsu Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease Children cardiovascular disease biomarkers hypertension chronic kidney disease children congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract |
| title | Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_full | Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_short | Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_sort | cardiovascular risks of hypertension lessons from children with chronic kidney disease |
| topic | cardiovascular disease biomarkers hypertension chronic kidney disease children congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/11/1650 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT youlintain cardiovascularrisksofhypertensionlessonsfromchildrenwithchronickidneydisease AT chienninghsu cardiovascularrisksofhypertensionlessonsfromchildrenwithchronickidneydisease |