Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules
An innovative way to utilize deep-sea manganese nodules is described in this paper. The manganese nodules were reduced by aluminothermy and subsequently added into aluminum as a mixture of alloying elements in their natural ratio. The microstructure and properties of aluminum alloys containing 1.2,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/3/421 |
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| author | Alena Michalcová Matouš Orlíček Pavel Novák |
| author_facet | Alena Michalcová Matouš Orlíček Pavel Novák |
| author_sort | Alena Michalcová |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An innovative way to utilize deep-sea manganese nodules is described in this paper. The manganese nodules were reduced by aluminothermy and subsequently added into aluminum as a mixture of alloying elements in their natural ratio. The microstructure and properties of aluminum alloys containing 1.2, 7.7, and 9.7 wt % of reduced nodules were studied. The alloys were formed by Al matrix and minor amounts of Al<sub>6</sub>(Fe,Mn) and Al<sub>11</sub>Fe<sub>7</sub> intermetallic phases. The alloys containing a higher amount of reduced nodules are characterized by very good thermal stability. The obtained alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction, their microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and their local chemical composition was analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer. The hardness of the samples was measured on the initial materials and after long-term annealing. Based on the obtained results, the aluminum alloys, with the addition of reduced deep-sea nodules, can serve as precursors for processing, e.g., by rapid solidification or hot working methods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:30:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f74fd94de659404598169af3142a6ffe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:30:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-f74fd94de659404598169af3142a6ffe2023-12-03T12:33:31ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-03-0111342110.3390/met11030421Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea NodulesAlena Michalcová0Matouš Orlíček1Pavel Novák2Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech RepublicDepartment of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech RepublicDepartment of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech RepublicAn innovative way to utilize deep-sea manganese nodules is described in this paper. The manganese nodules were reduced by aluminothermy and subsequently added into aluminum as a mixture of alloying elements in their natural ratio. The microstructure and properties of aluminum alloys containing 1.2, 7.7, and 9.7 wt % of reduced nodules were studied. The alloys were formed by Al matrix and minor amounts of Al<sub>6</sub>(Fe,Mn) and Al<sub>11</sub>Fe<sub>7</sub> intermetallic phases. The alloys containing a higher amount of reduced nodules are characterized by very good thermal stability. The obtained alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction, their microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and their local chemical composition was analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer. The hardness of the samples was measured on the initial materials and after long-term annealing. Based on the obtained results, the aluminum alloys, with the addition of reduced deep-sea nodules, can serve as precursors for processing, e.g., by rapid solidification or hot working methods.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/3/421Al alloymanganese nodulesnatural alloy |
| spellingShingle | Alena Michalcová Matouš Orlíček Pavel Novák Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules Metals Al alloy manganese nodules natural alloy |
| title | Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules |
| title_full | Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules |
| title_fullStr | Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules |
| title_short | Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules |
| title_sort | aluminum alloys with the addition of reduced deep sea nodules |
| topic | Al alloy manganese nodules natural alloy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/3/421 |
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