Bio-optical properties of the cyanobacterium <i>Nodularia spumigena</i>
<p>In the last century, an increasing number of extreme weather events have been experienced across the globe. These events have also been linked to changes in water quality, especially due to heavy rains, flooding, or droughts. In terms of blue economic activities, harmful algal bloom events...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Earth System Science Data |
| Online Access: | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/15/4163/2023/essd-15-4163-2023.pdf |
| Summary: | <p>In the last century, an increasing number of extreme weather events have been
experienced across the globe. These events have also been linked to changes
in water quality, especially due to heavy rains, flooding, or droughts. In
terms of blue economic activities, harmful algal bloom events can pose a major
threat, especially when they become widespread and last for several days. We
present and discuss advanced measurements of a bloom dominated by the
cyanobacterium <i>Nodularia spumigena</i> conducted by hyperspectral optical technologies via
experiments of opportunity. Absorption coefficients, absorbance and
fluorescence were measured in the laboratory, and these data are available at
<a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/21610995.v1">https://doi.org/10.4121/21610995.v1</a>
(Wollschläger et al., 2022), <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/21822051.v1">https://doi.org/10.4121/21822051.v1</a> (Miranda et al., 2023)
and <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/21904632.v1">https://doi.org/10.4121/21904632.v1</a> (Miranda and
Garaba, 2023). Data used to derive the above-water reflectance are available
from <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/21814977.v1">https://doi.org/10.4121/21814977.v1</a> (Garaba,
2023) and <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/21814773.v1">https://doi.org/10.4121/21814773.v1</a>
(Garaba and Albinus, 2023). Additionally, hyperspectral
fluorescence measurements of the dissolved compounds in the water were carried out.
These hyperspectral measurements were conducted over a wide spectrum (200–2500 nm). Diagnostic optical features were determined using robust
statistical techniques. Water clarity was inferred from Secchi disc
measurements (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.951239">https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.951239</a>,
Garaba and Albinus, 2022). Identification of the cyanobacterium
was completed via visual analysis under a microscope. Full sequences of the 16S rRNA and rbcL genes were
obtained, revealing a very strong match to
<i>N. spumigena</i>; these data are available via GenBank: <span class="uri">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OP918142/</span>
(Garaba and Bonthond, 2022b) and <span class="uri">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OP925098</span>
(Garaba and Bonthond, 2022a). The chlorophyll-<span class="inline-formula"><i>a</i></span>
and phycocyanin levels determined are available from <a href="https://doi.org/10.4121/21792665.v1">https://doi.org/10.4121/21792665.v1</a> (Rohde et al., 2023).
Our experiments of opportunity echo the importance of sustainable,
simplified, coordinated and continuous water quality monitoring as a way to
thrive with respect to the targets set in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (e.g. 6, 11, 12 and 14) or the European Union Framework Directives (e.g. the Water Framework Directive and
Marine Strategy Framework Directive).</p> |
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| ISSN: | 1866-3508 1866-3516 |