Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human Health
Humans express an expansive and detailed response to wavelength differences within the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. This is most clearly manifest, and most studied, with respect to a relatively small range of electromagnetic radiation that includes the visible wavelengths with abutting ultraviolet...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8020 |
| _version_ | 1797549637427527680 |
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| author | John Buch Billy Hammond |
| author_facet | John Buch Billy Hammond |
| author_sort | John Buch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Humans express an expansive and detailed response to wavelength differences within the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. This is most clearly manifest, and most studied, with respect to a relatively small range of electromagnetic radiation that includes the visible wavelengths with abutting ultraviolet and infrared, and mostly with respect to the visual system. Many aspects of our biology, however, respond to wavelength differences over a wide range of the EM spectrum. Further, humans are now exposed to a variety of modern lighting situations that has, effectively, increased our exposure to wavelengths that were once likely minimal (e.g., “blue” light from devices at night). This paper reviews some of those biological effects with a focus on visual function and to a lesser extent, other body systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:17:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f769bff256da4fbb84a92783946ed01a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:17:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f769bff256da4fbb84a92783946ed01a2023-11-20T18:50:41ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-10-012121802010.3390/ijms21218020Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human HealthJohn Buch0Billy Hammond1Johnson & Johnson Vision, Research & Development, Jacksonville, FL 32256, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USAHumans express an expansive and detailed response to wavelength differences within the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. This is most clearly manifest, and most studied, with respect to a relatively small range of electromagnetic radiation that includes the visible wavelengths with abutting ultraviolet and infrared, and mostly with respect to the visual system. Many aspects of our biology, however, respond to wavelength differences over a wide range of the EM spectrum. Further, humans are now exposed to a variety of modern lighting situations that has, effectively, increased our exposure to wavelengths that were once likely minimal (e.g., “blue” light from devices at night). This paper reviews some of those biological effects with a focus on visual function and to a lesser extent, other body systems.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8020electromagnetic radiationphotobiomodulationaction spectrumphototoxicityvisual system |
| spellingShingle | John Buch Billy Hammond Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human Health International Journal of Molecular Sciences electromagnetic radiation photobiomodulation action spectrum phototoxicity visual system |
| title | Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human Health |
| title_full | Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human Health |
| title_fullStr | Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human Health |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human Health |
| title_short | Photobiomodulation of the Visual System and Human Health |
| title_sort | photobiomodulation of the visual system and human health |
| topic | electromagnetic radiation photobiomodulation action spectrum phototoxicity visual system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8020 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT johnbuch photobiomodulationofthevisualsystemandhumanhealth AT billyhammond photobiomodulationofthevisualsystemandhumanhealth |