Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US Adults
Several studies have identified improvements in the risks of cardiovascular disease in adults following a Mediterranean dietary pattern. However, data are scarce on its association with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and pericardial adiposity (PAT) in US adults with and without diabetes. To add...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/16/3385 |
| _version_ | 1797431865335873536 |
|---|---|
| author | Leigh Ann Richardson Arpita Basu Lung-Chang Chien Amy C. Alman Janet K. Snell-Bergeon |
| author_facet | Leigh Ann Richardson Arpita Basu Lung-Chang Chien Amy C. Alman Janet K. Snell-Bergeon |
| author_sort | Leigh Ann Richardson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several studies have identified improvements in the risks of cardiovascular disease in adults following a Mediterranean dietary pattern. However, data are scarce on its association with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and pericardial adiposity (PAT) in US adults with and without diabetes. To address this gap, we conducted a case-control study using baseline data from the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes (CACTI) study [<i>n</i> = 1255; Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): <i>n</i> = 563; non-Diabetes Mellitus (non-DM): <i>n</i> = 692]. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire, fasting (12 h overnight fast) biochemical analyses, and a physical examination including anthropometric measures. CAC and PAT were measured using electron beam-computed tomography. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) with CAC (presence or absence), and linear regression models were applied to PAT analyses. In all of the adjusted models, no significant associations with CAC were found. For PAT, an increasing MSDPS was consistently associated with its lower volume in models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes status, total calories, and body mass index (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). The association between MSDPS and PAT was attenuated after adjusting for serum lipids and physical activity. In conclusion, the baseline data from the CACTI study show that a greater adherence to MSDPS is associated with a lower PAT volume and provide evidence that the Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with lower cardiovascular risk markers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:51:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f772e867867d4a20a27bf59950877656 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:51:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-f772e867867d4a20a27bf599508776562023-12-02T00:07:24ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-08-011416338510.3390/nu14163385Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US AdultsLeigh Ann Richardson0Arpita Basu1Lung-Chang Chien2Amy C. Alman3Janet K. Snell-Bergeon4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USADepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USACollege of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USABarbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USASeveral studies have identified improvements in the risks of cardiovascular disease in adults following a Mediterranean dietary pattern. However, data are scarce on its association with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and pericardial adiposity (PAT) in US adults with and without diabetes. To address this gap, we conducted a case-control study using baseline data from the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes (CACTI) study [<i>n</i> = 1255; Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): <i>n</i> = 563; non-Diabetes Mellitus (non-DM): <i>n</i> = 692]. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire, fasting (12 h overnight fast) biochemical analyses, and a physical examination including anthropometric measures. CAC and PAT were measured using electron beam-computed tomography. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) with CAC (presence or absence), and linear regression models were applied to PAT analyses. In all of the adjusted models, no significant associations with CAC were found. For PAT, an increasing MSDPS was consistently associated with its lower volume in models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes status, total calories, and body mass index (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). The association between MSDPS and PAT was attenuated after adjusting for serum lipids and physical activity. In conclusion, the baseline data from the CACTI study show that a greater adherence to MSDPS is associated with a lower PAT volume and provide evidence that the Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with lower cardiovascular risk markers.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/16/3385coronary artery calcificationpericardial adiposityMediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score |
| spellingShingle | Leigh Ann Richardson Arpita Basu Lung-Chang Chien Amy C. Alman Janet K. Snell-Bergeon Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US Adults Nutrients coronary artery calcification pericardial adiposity Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score |
| title | Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US Adults |
| title_full | Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US Adults |
| title_fullStr | Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US Adults |
| title_short | Associations of the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in a Sample of US Adults |
| title_sort | associations of the mediterranean style dietary pattern score with coronary artery calcification and pericardial adiposity in a sample of us adults |
| topic | coronary artery calcification pericardial adiposity Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/16/3385 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT leighannrichardson associationsofthemediterraneanstyledietarypatternscorewithcoronaryarterycalcificationandpericardialadiposityinasampleofusadults AT arpitabasu associationsofthemediterraneanstyledietarypatternscorewithcoronaryarterycalcificationandpericardialadiposityinasampleofusadults AT lungchangchien associationsofthemediterraneanstyledietarypatternscorewithcoronaryarterycalcificationandpericardialadiposityinasampleofusadults AT amycalman associationsofthemediterraneanstyledietarypatternscorewithcoronaryarterycalcificationandpericardialadiposityinasampleofusadults AT janetksnellbergeon associationsofthemediterraneanstyledietarypatternscorewithcoronaryarterycalcificationandpericardialadiposityinasampleofusadults |