Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to Table
Hepatitis E caused by hepatitis E viruses of the genotype 3 (HEV-3) is a major health concern in industrialized countries and due to its zoonotic character requires a “One Health” approach to unravel routes and sources of transmission. Knowing the viral diversity present in reservoir hosts, i.e., pi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3177 |
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| author | Isabelle Vonlanthen-Specker Roger Stephan Xaver Sidler Dominik Moor Cornel Fraefel Claudia Bachofen |
| author_facet | Isabelle Vonlanthen-Specker Roger Stephan Xaver Sidler Dominik Moor Cornel Fraefel Claudia Bachofen |
| author_sort | Isabelle Vonlanthen-Specker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatitis E caused by hepatitis E viruses of the genotype 3 (HEV-3) is a major health concern in industrialized countries and due to its zoonotic character requires a “One Health” approach to unravel routes and sources of transmission. Knowing the viral diversity present in reservoir hosts, i.e., pigs but also wild boars, is an important prerequisite for molecular epidemiology. The aim of this study was to gain primary information on the diversity of HEV-3 subtypes present along the food chain in Switzerland, as well as the diversity within these subtypes. To this end, samples of domestic pigs from slaughterhouses and carcass collection points, as well as from hunted wild boars, were tested for HEV RNA and antibodies. HEV positive meat products were provided by food testing labs. The HEV subtypes were determined using Sanger and next generation sequencing. The genetic analyses confirmed the predominance of a Swiss-specific cluster within subtype HEV-3h in pigs, meat products, and wild boars. This cluster, which may result from local virus evolution due to the isolated Swiss pig industry, supports fast differentiation of domestic and imported infections with HEV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:46:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f775b8338d2e489886f3284e10121477 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:46:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-f775b8338d2e489886f3284e101214772023-11-22T22:06:36ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-11-011111317710.3390/ani11113177Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to TableIsabelle Vonlanthen-Specker0Roger Stephan1Xaver Sidler2Dominik Moor3Cornel Fraefel4Claudia Bachofen5Institute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandInstitute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Farm Animals, Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandRisk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO, 3003 Bern, SwitzerlandInstitute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandInstitute of Virology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandHepatitis E caused by hepatitis E viruses of the genotype 3 (HEV-3) is a major health concern in industrialized countries and due to its zoonotic character requires a “One Health” approach to unravel routes and sources of transmission. Knowing the viral diversity present in reservoir hosts, i.e., pigs but also wild boars, is an important prerequisite for molecular epidemiology. The aim of this study was to gain primary information on the diversity of HEV-3 subtypes present along the food chain in Switzerland, as well as the diversity within these subtypes. To this end, samples of domestic pigs from slaughterhouses and carcass collection points, as well as from hunted wild boars, were tested for HEV RNA and antibodies. HEV positive meat products were provided by food testing labs. The HEV subtypes were determined using Sanger and next generation sequencing. The genetic analyses confirmed the predominance of a Swiss-specific cluster within subtype HEV-3h in pigs, meat products, and wild boars. This cluster, which may result from local virus evolution due to the isolated Swiss pig industry, supports fast differentiation of domestic and imported infections with HEV.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3177hepatitis E virusone healthsubtypingSwitzerlandpigwild boar |
| spellingShingle | Isabelle Vonlanthen-Specker Roger Stephan Xaver Sidler Dominik Moor Cornel Fraefel Claudia Bachofen Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to Table Animals hepatitis E virus one health subtyping Switzerland pig wild boar |
| title | Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to Table |
| title_full | Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to Table |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to Table |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to Table |
| title_short | Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis E Virus Type 3 in Switzerland—From Stable to Table |
| title_sort | genetic diversity of hepatitis e virus type 3 in switzerland from stable to table |
| topic | hepatitis E virus one health subtyping Switzerland pig wild boar |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3177 |
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