Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether
The catalytic effects of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine (TMG), 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), 7-Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (MTBD), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) in the reaction with glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE) at 40 &am...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-06-01
|
| Series: | Inorganics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/7/7/83 |
| _version_ | 1818496988841246720 |
|---|---|
| author | Osamu Shimomura Suguru Sasaki Kaori Kume Atsushi Ohtaka Ryôki Nomura |
| author_facet | Osamu Shimomura Suguru Sasaki Kaori Kume Atsushi Ohtaka Ryôki Nomura |
| author_sort | Osamu Shimomura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The catalytic effects of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine (TMG), 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), 7-Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (MTBD), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) in the reaction with glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE) at 40 °C were investigated. For the reaction, the %conversion of GPE was only 11%, carried out at 40 °C over 14 days in the presence of TBD.Additionally, there was little catalytic activity for the same reaction performed under typical storage conditions at 25 °C. The effect of TBD with 2-methylimidazole-intercalated α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP∙2MIm), as a latent thermal initiating system in the reaction with GPE, was then examined. The reaction did not proceed within 1 h at 80 °C. On increasing the temperature to 120 °C, the %conversion reached 75% for reaction at 1 h. Under typical storage conditions (7 days at 25 °C), the %conversion of GPE was only 7%. With addition of TBD to α-ZrP∙2MIm, reagent stability was maintained, and the polymerization reaction proceeded rapidly with the application of heat. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:39:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f77672cc8b4049aba0e8dd3a8a93cba8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6740 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:39:31Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Inorganics |
| spelling | doaj.art-f77672cc8b4049aba0e8dd3a8a93cba82022-12-22T01:37:42ZengMDPI AGInorganics2304-67402019-06-01778310.3390/inorganics7070083inorganics7070083Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl EtherOsamu Shimomura0Suguru Sasaki1Kaori Kume2Atsushi Ohtaka3Ryôki Nomura4Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Ashahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Ashahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Ashahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Ashahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Ashahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, JapanThe catalytic effects of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine (TMG), 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), 7-Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (MTBD), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), and 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) in the reaction with glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE) at 40 °C were investigated. For the reaction, the %conversion of GPE was only 11%, carried out at 40 °C over 14 days in the presence of TBD.Additionally, there was little catalytic activity for the same reaction performed under typical storage conditions at 25 °C. The effect of TBD with 2-methylimidazole-intercalated α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP∙2MIm), as a latent thermal initiating system in the reaction with GPE, was then examined. The reaction did not proceed within 1 h at 80 °C. On increasing the temperature to 120 °C, the %conversion reached 75% for reaction at 1 h. Under typical storage conditions (7 days at 25 °C), the %conversion of GPE was only 7%. With addition of TBD to α-ZrP∙2MIm, reagent stability was maintained, and the polymerization reaction proceeded rapidly with the application of heat.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/7/7/83α-zirconium phosphateintercalation2-methylimidazoleTBDlatent thermal initiator |
| spellingShingle | Osamu Shimomura Suguru Sasaki Kaori Kume Atsushi Ohtaka Ryôki Nomura Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether Inorganics α-zirconium phosphate intercalation 2-methylimidazole TBD latent thermal initiator |
| title | Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether |
| title_full | Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether |
| title_fullStr | Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether |
| title_short | Temperature-Dependent Enhancement Effects for TBD (1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) with 2-Methylimidazole-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Initiator in the Reaction of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether |
| title_sort | temperature dependent enhancement effects for tbd 1 5 7 triazabicyclo 4 4 0 dec 5 ene with 2 methylimidazole intercalated α zirconium phosphate as a latent thermal initiator in the reaction of glycidyl phenyl ether |
| topic | α-zirconium phosphate intercalation 2-methylimidazole TBD latent thermal initiator |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/7/7/83 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT osamushimomura temperaturedependentenhancementeffectsfortbd157triazabicyclo440dec5enewith2methylimidazoleintercalatedazirconiumphosphateasalatentthermalinitiatorinthereactionofglycidylphenylether AT sugurusasaki temperaturedependentenhancementeffectsfortbd157triazabicyclo440dec5enewith2methylimidazoleintercalatedazirconiumphosphateasalatentthermalinitiatorinthereactionofglycidylphenylether AT kaorikume temperaturedependentenhancementeffectsfortbd157triazabicyclo440dec5enewith2methylimidazoleintercalatedazirconiumphosphateasalatentthermalinitiatorinthereactionofglycidylphenylether AT atsushiohtaka temperaturedependentenhancementeffectsfortbd157triazabicyclo440dec5enewith2methylimidazoleintercalatedazirconiumphosphateasalatentthermalinitiatorinthereactionofglycidylphenylether AT ryokinomura temperaturedependentenhancementeffectsfortbd157triazabicyclo440dec5enewith2methylimidazoleintercalatedazirconiumphosphateasalatentthermalinitiatorinthereactionofglycidylphenylether |