Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Abstract Background Cytokines play a crucial role in regulating the function of the immune system by controlling the production, differentiation, and activity of immune cells. Occult hepatitis C virus (OHCV) infection can lead to liver damage, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09032-6 |
| _version_ | 1797276715824709632 |
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| author | Sherif Elbaz Nasser Mousa Alaa Elmetwalli Ahmed Abdel-Razik Mohamed Salah Amr ElHammady Mostafa Abdelsalam Eman Abdelkader Niveen El-wakeel Waleed Eldars Ola El-Emam Ahmed Elbeltagy Mohamed Shaheen Hossam El-Zamek Eman Mousa Ahmed Deiab Ayman Elgamal Alaa Habib |
| author_facet | Sherif Elbaz Nasser Mousa Alaa Elmetwalli Ahmed Abdel-Razik Mohamed Salah Amr ElHammady Mostafa Abdelsalam Eman Abdelkader Niveen El-wakeel Waleed Eldars Ola El-Emam Ahmed Elbeltagy Mohamed Shaheen Hossam El-Zamek Eman Mousa Ahmed Deiab Ayman Elgamal Alaa Habib |
| author_sort | Sherif Elbaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cytokines play a crucial role in regulating the function of the immune system by controlling the production, differentiation, and activity of immune cells. Occult hepatitis C virus (OHCV) infection can lead to liver damage, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study investigates the immunopathogenic impact of the cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 in OHCV infection compared to chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection. Methods We studied three groups of patients: 35 with OHCV, 100 untreated patients with CHC, and 30 healthy control subjects. All subjects underwent physical examination and biochemical testing. We used the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to measure serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels in all groups. Results Compared to the occult and control groups, the CHC group had significantly higher serum IL-17 levels (p < 0.001). The occult group also had higher serum IL-17 levels compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in IL-22 levels across the research groups. In the OHCV group, individuals with moderate inflammation (A2-A3) had significantly higher serum IL-17 levels than those with minimal inflammation (A0-A1), while in the CHC group, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.601). Neither the occult nor the CHC groups showed a correlation between serum IL-22 and inflammatory activity. There was no significant correlation between the levels of IL-17 or IL-22 and the stage of fibrosis/cirrhosis in either group. ROC curves were calculated for serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels and occult HCV infection, with cut-off values set at ≤ 32.1 pg/ml and < 14.3 pg/ml for IL-17 and IL-22, respectively. The AUROC (95%CI) was significantly higher for IL-17 than IL-22 (0.829 (0.732–0.902) vs. 0.504 (0.393–0.614), p < 0.001), suggesting that IL-17 has a stronger correlation with infection risk than IL-22. Conclusion This study suggests that IL-17 may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of OHCV infection, especially in patients with moderate inflammation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:33:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f777f10e37ba4b6ab9730c3a61f19549 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:33:14Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-f777f10e37ba4b6ab9730c3a61f195492024-03-05T16:21:20ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342024-01-012411710.1186/s12879-024-09032-6Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infectionSherif Elbaz0Nasser Mousa1Alaa Elmetwalli2Ahmed Abdel-Razik3Mohamed Salah4Amr ElHammady5Mostafa Abdelsalam6Eman Abdelkader7Niveen El-wakeel8Waleed Eldars9Ola El-Emam10Ahmed Elbeltagy11Mohamed Shaheen12Hossam El-Zamek13Eman Mousa14Ahmed Deiab15Ayman Elgamal16Alaa Habib17Endemic Diseases and Gastroenterology Department, Aswan UniversityTropical Medicine Department, Mansoura UniversityDepartment of Clinical Trial Research Unit and Drug Discovery, Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH)Tropical Medicine Department, Mansoura UniversityTropical Medicine Department, Mansoura UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Banha UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Mansoura UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Mansoura UniversityMedical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Mansoura UniversityMedical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Mansoura UniversityClinical Pathology Department, Mansoura UniversityClinical Pathology Department, Mansoura UniversityClinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar UniversityClinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar UniversityFaculty of Dentistry, Mansoura UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Mansoura UniversityDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Menoufia UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Mansoura UniversityAbstract Background Cytokines play a crucial role in regulating the function of the immune system by controlling the production, differentiation, and activity of immune cells. Occult hepatitis C virus (OHCV) infection can lead to liver damage, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study investigates the immunopathogenic impact of the cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 in OHCV infection compared to chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection. Methods We studied three groups of patients: 35 with OHCV, 100 untreated patients with CHC, and 30 healthy control subjects. All subjects underwent physical examination and biochemical testing. We used the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to measure serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels in all groups. Results Compared to the occult and control groups, the CHC group had significantly higher serum IL-17 levels (p < 0.001). The occult group also had higher serum IL-17 levels compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in IL-22 levels across the research groups. In the OHCV group, individuals with moderate inflammation (A2-A3) had significantly higher serum IL-17 levels than those with minimal inflammation (A0-A1), while in the CHC group, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.601). Neither the occult nor the CHC groups showed a correlation between serum IL-22 and inflammatory activity. There was no significant correlation between the levels of IL-17 or IL-22 and the stage of fibrosis/cirrhosis in either group. ROC curves were calculated for serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels and occult HCV infection, with cut-off values set at ≤ 32.1 pg/ml and < 14.3 pg/ml for IL-17 and IL-22, respectively. The AUROC (95%CI) was significantly higher for IL-17 than IL-22 (0.829 (0.732–0.902) vs. 0.504 (0.393–0.614), p < 0.001), suggesting that IL-17 has a stronger correlation with infection risk than IL-22. Conclusion This study suggests that IL-17 may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of OHCV infection, especially in patients with moderate inflammation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09032-6Occult hepatitis CChronic hepatitis CIL-17IL-22 |
| spellingShingle | Sherif Elbaz Nasser Mousa Alaa Elmetwalli Ahmed Abdel-Razik Mohamed Salah Amr ElHammady Mostafa Abdelsalam Eman Abdelkader Niveen El-wakeel Waleed Eldars Ola El-Emam Ahmed Elbeltagy Mohamed Shaheen Hossam El-Zamek Eman Mousa Ahmed Deiab Ayman Elgamal Alaa Habib Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infection BMC Infectious Diseases Occult hepatitis C Chronic hepatitis C IL-17 IL-22 |
| title | Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infection |
| title_full | Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infection |
| title_fullStr | Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infection |
| title_short | Unraveling IL-17 and IL-22 role in occult hepatitis C versus chronic hepatitis C virus infection |
| title_sort | unraveling il 17 and il 22 role in occult hepatitis c versus chronic hepatitis c virus infection |
| topic | Occult hepatitis C Chronic hepatitis C IL-17 IL-22 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09032-6 |
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