Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China
The optical and physical characteristics of the aerosol vertical layers over Northeastern China (NEC) are investigated using the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) Level 2 layer products from 2007 to 2014. To better examine the spatial and temporal variations...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/501 |
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| author | Bo Su Hao Li Miao Zhang Muhammad Bilal Minxia Wang Luqman Atique Ziyue Zhang Chun Zhang Ge Han Zhongfeng Qiu Md. Arfan Ali |
| author_facet | Bo Su Hao Li Miao Zhang Muhammad Bilal Minxia Wang Luqman Atique Ziyue Zhang Chun Zhang Ge Han Zhongfeng Qiu Md. Arfan Ali |
| author_sort | Bo Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The optical and physical characteristics of the aerosol vertical layers over Northeastern China (NEC) are investigated using the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) Level 2 layer products from 2007 to 2014. To better examine the spatial and temporal variations in the characteristics of aerosols over NEC, the region is divided into three parts (Heilongjiang province, Jilin province, and Liaoning province) to analyze the inter-annual and seasonal variations of nine selected aerosol parameters in each part during night and day times. The results reveal that the values of aerosol optical depth (AOD) increase year by year, over the whole NEC, being relatively high over the Liaoning (LN) province; this might be induced by higher levels of economic development and agricultural activity. The highest AOD values appear in summer, which is plausibly related to the temperate monsoon climate in NEC. Higher AOD values exist during the daytime than at night; this is intuitively the result of higher daytime anthropogenic activities. The base altitude of the lowest aerosol layer (BAL) and the top altitude of the highest aerosol layer (TAH) varied significantly due to the topography of NEC. The number of aerosol layers (N) is relatively large over LN, which might be caused by a relatively stronger atmospheric convection over this landscape. The thickness of the lowest aerosol layer (TLL) bore little relationship with the topography of NEC. The AOD proportion of the lowest aerosol layer (PAODL) is high (0.70 to 0.85 for the entire NEC), indicating that aerosols are mainly concentrated in the lowest layer of the atmosphere. The volume depolarization ratio of the lowest aerosol layer (VDRL) is large during spring and winter due to the presence of dust aerosols. The color ratio of the lowest aerosol layer (CRL) is large during the day due to relatively more human activities taking place than at night. Moreover, there is a significantly positive linear correlation between N and TAH, and a negative logarithm correlation between N and PAODL over NEC. The results of this study could provide researchers and the government departments with detailed and certain optical and physical information about aerosol layers over NEC, to help in the treatment of air pollution over NEC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:52:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7834f50ae2847149ecdd602db05b37a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:52:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7834f50ae2847149ecdd602db05b37a2023-11-20T00:19:01ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-05-0111550110.3390/atmos11050501Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern ChinaBo Su0Hao Li1Miao Zhang2Muhammad Bilal3Minxia Wang4Luqman Atique5Ziyue Zhang6Chun Zhang7Ge Han8Zhongfeng Qiu9Md. Arfan Ali10School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Focheng West Road No. 8, Nanjing 210098, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Focheng West Road No. 8, Nanjing 210098, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road No. 1638, Nanyang 473061, ChinaSchool of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road No. 1638, Nanyang 473061, ChinaSchool of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road No. 1638, Nanyang 473061, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road No. 1638, Nanyang 473061, ChinaSchool of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road No. 129, Wuhan 430079, ChinaSchool of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaSchool of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaThe optical and physical characteristics of the aerosol vertical layers over Northeastern China (NEC) are investigated using the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) Level 2 layer products from 2007 to 2014. To better examine the spatial and temporal variations in the characteristics of aerosols over NEC, the region is divided into three parts (Heilongjiang province, Jilin province, and Liaoning province) to analyze the inter-annual and seasonal variations of nine selected aerosol parameters in each part during night and day times. The results reveal that the values of aerosol optical depth (AOD) increase year by year, over the whole NEC, being relatively high over the Liaoning (LN) province; this might be induced by higher levels of economic development and agricultural activity. The highest AOD values appear in summer, which is plausibly related to the temperate monsoon climate in NEC. Higher AOD values exist during the daytime than at night; this is intuitively the result of higher daytime anthropogenic activities. The base altitude of the lowest aerosol layer (BAL) and the top altitude of the highest aerosol layer (TAH) varied significantly due to the topography of NEC. The number of aerosol layers (N) is relatively large over LN, which might be caused by a relatively stronger atmospheric convection over this landscape. The thickness of the lowest aerosol layer (TLL) bore little relationship with the topography of NEC. The AOD proportion of the lowest aerosol layer (PAODL) is high (0.70 to 0.85 for the entire NEC), indicating that aerosols are mainly concentrated in the lowest layer of the atmosphere. The volume depolarization ratio of the lowest aerosol layer (VDRL) is large during spring and winter due to the presence of dust aerosols. The color ratio of the lowest aerosol layer (CRL) is large during the day due to relatively more human activities taking place than at night. Moreover, there is a significantly positive linear correlation between N and TAH, and a negative logarithm correlation between N and PAODL over NEC. The results of this study could provide researchers and the government departments with detailed and certain optical and physical information about aerosol layers over NEC, to help in the treatment of air pollution over NEC.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/501aerosol layersAODCALIPSOnortheastern China |
| spellingShingle | Bo Su Hao Li Miao Zhang Muhammad Bilal Minxia Wang Luqman Atique Ziyue Zhang Chun Zhang Ge Han Zhongfeng Qiu Md. Arfan Ali Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China Atmosphere aerosol layers AOD CALIPSO northeastern China |
| title | Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China |
| title_full | Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China |
| title_fullStr | Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China |
| title_short | Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China |
| title_sort | optical and physical characteristics of aerosol vertical layers over northeastern china |
| topic | aerosol layers AOD CALIPSO northeastern China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/5/501 |
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