Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and Kidney
Algae are potential and natural source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The diatom <i>Pinnularia borealis</i> accumulates high levels of EPA and may be considered as a source for commercial production of dietary su...
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| author | Grażyna Świderska-Kołacz Małgorzata Jefimow Jolanta Klusek Norbert Rączka Szymon Zmorzyński Anna Wojciechowska Iwona Stanisławska Marek Łyp Joanna Czerwik-Marcinkowska |
| author_facet | Grażyna Świderska-Kołacz Małgorzata Jefimow Jolanta Klusek Norbert Rączka Szymon Zmorzyński Anna Wojciechowska Iwona Stanisławska Marek Łyp Joanna Czerwik-Marcinkowska |
| author_sort | Grażyna Świderska-Kołacz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Algae are potential and natural source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The diatom <i>Pinnularia borealis</i> accumulates high levels of EPA and may be considered as a source for commercial production of dietary supplements. In this study we asked the question whether diet supplementation with <i>P. borealis</i> may augment antioxidant defense and ameliorate risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. We fed mice (<i>Mus musculus</i>) with lyophilized diatom solutions of different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) for 7 days. Then we measured glutathione content and the activity of glutathione redox system enzymes, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations, and malondialdehyde concentration in the liver and kidney. We found that cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations in the liver and kidneys were the lowest in mice who were fed with the highest concentration of <i>Pinnularia borealis,</i> suggesting protective properties of algae. Additionally, the lowest concentration of <i>Pinnularia borealis</i> was sufficient to improve antioxidant capacity. Our results suggest that <i>P. borealis</i> may be used as a source for dietary supplements rich in EPA, but the amount supplied to the organism should be limited. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:32:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f792c5780bc34a4b9171117921d87156 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:32:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-f792c5780bc34a4b9171117921d871562023-11-21T23:31:32ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-06-01136199610.3390/nu13061996Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and KidneyGrażyna Świderska-Kołacz0Małgorzata Jefimow1Jolanta Klusek2Norbert Rączka3Szymon Zmorzyński4Anna Wojciechowska5Iwona Stanisławska6Marek Łyp7Joanna Czerwik-Marcinkowska8Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-420 Kielce, PolandDepartment of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, PolandInstitute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-420 Kielce, PolandInstitute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-420 Kielce, PolandDepartment of Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University, 20-080 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Geobotany and Landscape Planning, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, PolandCollege of Rehabilitation, 01-234 Warszawa, PolandCollege of Rehabilitation, 01-234 Warszawa, PolandInstitute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-420 Kielce, PolandAlgae are potential and natural source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The diatom <i>Pinnularia borealis</i> accumulates high levels of EPA and may be considered as a source for commercial production of dietary supplements. In this study we asked the question whether diet supplementation with <i>P. borealis</i> may augment antioxidant defense and ameliorate risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. We fed mice (<i>Mus musculus</i>) with lyophilized diatom solutions of different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) for 7 days. Then we measured glutathione content and the activity of glutathione redox system enzymes, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations, and malondialdehyde concentration in the liver and kidney. We found that cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations in the liver and kidneys were the lowest in mice who were fed with the highest concentration of <i>Pinnularia borealis,</i> suggesting protective properties of algae. Additionally, the lowest concentration of <i>Pinnularia borealis</i> was sufficient to improve antioxidant capacity. Our results suggest that <i>P. borealis</i> may be used as a source for dietary supplements rich in EPA, but the amount supplied to the organism should be limited.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/6/1996algaeEPAsupplementationglutathioneglutathione enzymesoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Grażyna Świderska-Kołacz Małgorzata Jefimow Jolanta Klusek Norbert Rączka Szymon Zmorzyński Anna Wojciechowska Iwona Stanisławska Marek Łyp Joanna Czerwik-Marcinkowska Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and Kidney Nutrients algae EPA supplementation glutathione glutathione enzymes oxidative stress |
| title | Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and Kidney |
| title_full | Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and Kidney |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and Kidney |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and Kidney |
| title_short | Influence of Algae Supplementation on the Concentration of Glutathione and the Activity of Glutathione Enzymes in the Mice Liver and Kidney |
| title_sort | influence of algae supplementation on the concentration of glutathione and the activity of glutathione enzymes in the mice liver and kidney |
| topic | algae EPA supplementation glutathione glutathione enzymes oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/6/1996 |
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