An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil Processing
In the Rural Development Plan (2014–2020), the European Commission encouraged the conversion and supported the maintenance of organic farming. Organic olive oil (bioEVOO) production involves the use of environmentally sustainable fertilizers and the recycling of olive pomace (Pom) and olive vegetati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/6/466 |
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| author | Irene Dini Giulia Graziani Francalisa Luisa Fedele Andrea Sicari Francesco Vinale Luigi Castaldo Alberto Ritieni |
| author_facet | Irene Dini Giulia Graziani Francalisa Luisa Fedele Andrea Sicari Francesco Vinale Luigi Castaldo Alberto Ritieni |
| author_sort | Irene Dini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the Rural Development Plan (2014–2020), the European Commission encouraged the conversion and supported the maintenance of organic farming. Organic olive oil (bioEVOO) production involves the use of environmentally sustainable fertilizers and the recycling of olive pomace (Pom) and olive vegetation waters (VW) to reduce the environmental impact of these wastes. An ecofriendly way to recycle olive wastes is to reuse them to extract bioactive compounds. In this study, the total phenolic compounds content, their profile and dosage, the antioxidant action in oil, pomace, and vegetation water was evaluated when the <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> M10 was used as a biostimulant in agriculture. Two spectrophotometric tests (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS)) evaluated the antioxidant potential of samples, a spectrophotometric method estimated total phenolic content, and an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC)–Orbitrap method evaluated the phenolics profile. Our results showed that the biostimulation improved the antioxidant potential and the total concentration of phenolics in the bioEVOO and bio-pomace (bioPom) samples and mainly enhanced, among all classes of phenolic compounds, the production of the flavonoids and the secoiridoids. Moreover, they demonstrated the <i>Trichoderma</i> action in the mevalonate pathway to produce phenols for the first time. The decisive action of the <i>Thricoderma</i> on the production of phenolic compounds increases the economic value of the waste materials as a source of bioactive compounds useful for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:27:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f7964833f3d348d69cd8afb35f7c2130 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:27:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f7964833f3d348d69cd8afb35f7c21302023-11-20T02:27:58ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-06-019646610.3390/antiox9060466An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil ProcessingIrene Dini0Giulia Graziani1Francalisa Luisa Fedele2Andrea Sicari3Francesco Vinale4Luigi Castaldo5Alberto Ritieni6Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80141 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80141 Napoli, ItalyLinfa scarl, Via Zona Industriale Porto San Salvo, 89900 Vibo Valentia, ItalyLinfa scarl, Via Zona Industriale Porto San Salvo, 89900 Vibo Valentia, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80141 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80141 Napoli, ItalyIn the Rural Development Plan (2014–2020), the European Commission encouraged the conversion and supported the maintenance of organic farming. Organic olive oil (bioEVOO) production involves the use of environmentally sustainable fertilizers and the recycling of olive pomace (Pom) and olive vegetation waters (VW) to reduce the environmental impact of these wastes. An ecofriendly way to recycle olive wastes is to reuse them to extract bioactive compounds. In this study, the total phenolic compounds content, their profile and dosage, the antioxidant action in oil, pomace, and vegetation water was evaluated when the <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> M10 was used as a biostimulant in agriculture. Two spectrophotometric tests (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS)) evaluated the antioxidant potential of samples, a spectrophotometric method estimated total phenolic content, and an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC)–Orbitrap method evaluated the phenolics profile. Our results showed that the biostimulation improved the antioxidant potential and the total concentration of phenolics in the bioEVOO and bio-pomace (bioPom) samples and mainly enhanced, among all classes of phenolic compounds, the production of the flavonoids and the secoiridoids. Moreover, they demonstrated the <i>Trichoderma</i> action in the mevalonate pathway to produce phenols for the first time. The decisive action of the <i>Thricoderma</i> on the production of phenolic compounds increases the economic value of the waste materials as a source of bioactive compounds useful for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/6/466<i>Trichoderma</i> spp.EVOOolive pomaceolive vegetation water<i>Olea europea</i> var LeccinoHRMS-Orbitrap |
| spellingShingle | Irene Dini Giulia Graziani Francalisa Luisa Fedele Andrea Sicari Francesco Vinale Luigi Castaldo Alberto Ritieni An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil Processing Antioxidants <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. EVOO olive pomace olive vegetation water <i>Olea europea</i> var Leccino HRMS-Orbitrap |
| title | An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil Processing |
| title_full | An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil Processing |
| title_fullStr | An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil Processing |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil Processing |
| title_short | An Environmentally Friendly Practice Used in Olive Cultivation Capable of Increasing Commercial Interest in Waste Products from Oil Processing |
| title_sort | environmentally friendly practice used in olive cultivation capable of increasing commercial interest in waste products from oil processing |
| topic | <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. EVOO olive pomace olive vegetation water <i>Olea europea</i> var Leccino HRMS-Orbitrap |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/6/466 |
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